镰鱼、 角镰鱼、角蝶鱼、神像鱼、神仙鱼

With distinctively compressed and disk-like bodies, Moorish idols stand out in contrasting bands of black, white, and yellow, which makes them attractive to aquarium keepers. The fish have relatively small fins, except for the dorsal fin, whose six or seven spines are dramatically elongated to form a trailing, sickle-shaped crest called the philomantis extension. Moorish idols have small terminal mouths at the end of long, tubular snouts; many long bristle-like teeth line the mouth. The Moorish idol differs from butterflyfish in having a prominent black, triangular anal fin.

斑马章鱼

Wunderpus photogenicus, the wunderpus octopus is a small-bodied species of octopus with distinct white and rusty brown coloration. ‘Wunderpus’ from German “wunder” meaning ‘marvel or wonder’. Due to the appearance and behavior of the wunderpus, it is frequently confused with its close relative, the mimic octopus. The wunderpus octopus was not discovered until the 1980s and was only officially described in detail in 2006. The wunderpus octopus are important commercially to the underwater photography, dive and tourism communities, especially throughout Indonesia. The wunderpus is also valued as an expensive ornamental marine species for the home aquarium.

大西洋瞻星鱼

Typical of stargazers, its body is somewhat dorso-ventrally flattened, lacks a swimbladder, and has been found as large as 35.0 centimeters in length, but is usually between 20–30 cm. Its head and jaws are rotated upward, and has very large eyes and mouth. Its body is brown in color and can have numerous small light spots, with a lighter belly. It lives to about 5 or 6 years, and females are larger in size than males.

四眼侏儒虾虎鱼

Lives under corals in embayments, which are sometimes covered by siltation. Also found in caves and crevices of sheltered reefs. It often positions itself upside-down on the roof of the recess

灰三齿鲨、 三齿鲨、 白顶礁鲨、 白头礁鲨

A relatively small species, few whitetip reef sharks are longer than 1.6 m (5.2 ft). The maximum length this species attains is often given as 2.1 m (6.9 ft), though this was originally based on visual observations and may be dubious. The maximum reported weight is 18.3 kg (40 lb). The whitetip reef shark has a slim body and a short, broad head. The snout is flattened and blunt, with large flaps of skin in front of the nares that are furled into tubes. The eyes are small and oval with vertical pupils and prominent ridges above, and are often followed by a small notch. The mouth has a distinct downward slant (imparting a disgruntled expression to the shark), with short furrows at the corners. There are 42–50 tooth rows in the upper jaw and 42–48 tooth rows in the lower jaw. Each tooth has a single narrow, smooth-edged cusp at the center, flanked by a pair of much smaller cusplets.

拟态章鱼

The mimic octopus (Thaumoctopus mimicus) is an Indo-Pacific species of octopus capable of impersonating other local species. They are notable for being able to change their skin color and texture in order to blend in with their environment, such as algae-encrusted rock and nearby coral through pigment sacs known as chromatophores. The mimic octopus possesses chromatophores as well as the unique behavior of taking shape of various objects and animals. The mimic octopus is the only currently known marine animal to be able to mimic such a wide variety of animals. Many animals can imitate a different species to avoid or intimidate predators, but the mimic octopus is the only one that can imitate as diverse a range of forms in order to elude predators.

新月锦鱼、月斑叶鲷、四齿、砾仔、绿花龙、青衣、红衣、花衣、青猫公、青开叉、青汕冷

The moon wrasse (Thalassoma lunare) also known as the cresent wrasse or lyretail wrasse, is a species of wrasse native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It is an inhabitant of coral reefs and surrounding areas at depths from 1 to 20 m (3.3 to 65.6 ft). Moon wrasses are carnivorous and tend to prey on fish eggs and small sea-floor dwelling invertebrates. This species can reach 45 cm (18 in) in total length. It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can also be found in the aquarium trade.

黑斑条尾𫚉

The round ribbontail ray has a thick pectoral fin disc wider than it is long, with a smoothly rounded outer margin. The eyes are of medium size and are followed by larger spiracles. There is a short and broad curtain of skin between the oval nostrils, with a finely fringed trailing margin. The mouth is wide and curved, with faint furrows at the corners. There is a row of seven papillae on the floor, with the outermost pair smaller and set apart from the others. There are 37–46 tooth rows in the upper jaw and 39–45 tooth rows in the lower jaw. The teeth are small with a deep groove across the crown, and are arranged in a dense quincunx pattern into flattened surfaces.

三棘带鲉、三棘高身鲉、石狗公、玫瑰绒鲉、石头鱼

The leaf scorpionfish is about 10 cm (4 in) long fully grown. Their color varies from green, red, pink, brown, ocher and yellowish to a ghostly white. The fish is almost as flat as a leaf and resembles a leaf in many other ways. The head and mouth are large. Through their eyes is a dark line. The large dorsal fin starts just behind the eyes and has 12 spines and eight to 11 soft rays. The anal fin has three spines and five or six soft rays. The venom of the leaf scorpionfish is considerably weaker than that of the lionfish and stonefish. The skin often has blotches that enhance a camouflage effect. This fish has appendages around the mouth, and sometimes real algae and hydroids grow on its skin.

红斑狗母鱼

Living in waters 4 to 91 meters, occasionally juvenile seaweed in the tide pools or prosperous region, to fish habitat in the sand on the reef or reef flats mixing zone. Swimming ability is not strong, often perched on the reef, opportunistic predator. Carnivorous, to fish and small benthic invertebrates based. Breeding season is from May to October, buoyant eggs hatch after about 17 hours

倒牙魣、布氏金梭鱼，针梭、竹梭、巴拉库答

This fish has a torpedo-shaped extension, a cylindrical cross-section near, the bottom of the maxillary front edge, to the side of the body 20 having a triangular pattern, extending from the back side to about 2/3 of the bottom line, a first fin group anal bone there expanding phenomenon. 6 dorsal spines; soft dorsal section 9; anal spines 2; Anal soft rays 7-9 pieces, up to 90 cm in length.

剃刀鱼，细吻剃刀鱼

The ornate ghost pipefish or harlequin ghost pipefish, Solenostomus paradoxus, is a false pipefish of the family Solenostomidae. The species name comes from the Greek paradoxos, referring to this fish’s unusual external features. Ornate ghost pipefish are found in the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean along reef edges prone to strong currents from the Red Sea to Tonga. They reach a maximum length of 12 cm. They vary in color from red or yellow to black and are almost transparent. Although relatively common, ornate ghost pipefish are very well-camouflaged and difficult to find. It occurs either as solitary individuals or in pairs, among the branches of gorgonians, in floating weeds, or crinoids where the feed on mysids and small benthic shrimp.

仙掌剃刀鱼

Solenostomus halimeda can reach a length of 6.5 cm (2.6 in), and is the smallest of the ghost pipefishes. Its body is most often green, but can be red or any other color of the algae or coral in which it is hiding. This cryptic species looks very similar to the macroalga Halimeda. This uncommon species is related to pipefishes and seahorses. It can be distinguished by its large head that is about the same length as the rest of its body. The caudal fin is small and similar in form and size to the dorsal and pectoral fins.

黑线肖孔海龙

Siokunichthys is a genus of pipefishes native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. One species, Siokunichthys nigrolineatus, has a commensal relationship with mushroom corals of the genusFungia.

眼带蓝子鱼、黄斑狐狸、 杂臭都鱼

The masked spinefoot (Siganus puellus), also known as decorated rabbitfish or masked rabbitfish, occurs in shallow, coral-rich areas of clear lagoons and seaward reefs of the Indo-West Pacific region at depths of 10 to 100 feet.

Its body is yellow-orange dorsally grading through pale blue to white below. The body is also covered with wavy blue lines that are vertical anteriorly and horizontal posteriorly. The eyes are masked by a prominent blackish stripe that extends from the bottom of the mouth to the top of the head. As the black stripe passes the eye it becomes spotted.

白斑乌贼、海归墨鱼、宽腕乌贼

The broadclub cuttlefish is the second largest cuttlefish species after Sepia apama, growing to 50 cm (20 in) in mantle length and 10 kg (22 lb) in weight.Like many cephalopods, the broadclub can be seen displaying a range of colors and textures. Commonly they are light brown or yellowish with white mottled markings. Males are sometimes dark brown, particularly during courtship and mating. The arms have longitudinal white bands that appear as broad white blotches when extended. Some arms have longitudinal brown bands that extend to the head. The dorsal mantle can sometimes be seen with a saddle mark with small white and brown spots. The dorsal mantle also has narrow brown transverse bands, and bold, white, transverse stripes and spots. The eyes are yellow around the ventral margins and the fins are pale with white, transverse stripes extending onto mantle and narrow, white bands along outer margins.

眉须鳞头鲉、石狗公、石头鱼

Sebastapistes strongia, the barchin scorpionfish, is a scorpionfish from the Indo-Pacific.The species is commonly seen in areas with mixed sand and rubble in reef flats, shallow lagoons, and channels. The species is nocturnal and can grow to a maximum length of 60 mm (2.4 in)

尖头拟鲉、尖头石狗公、石狮子、虎鱼、石崇、石狗公、沙姜虎、石降、过沟仔、臭头格仔

The tasseled scorpionfish, or small-scaled scorpionfish, Scorpaenopsis oxycephala, is a carnivorous ray-finned fish with venomous spines that lives in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It can reach a maximum length of 36 cm (14 in) and can vary considerably in color. Adults are bearded with a number of tassels below the jaw.

毒拟鲉

The false stonefish has a broad head with a wide mouth, a humped back, and a tapering body, and can reach 30 cm (12 in) in length. Its dorsal fin has 12 venomous spines and eight to 10 soft rays. The anal fin has three spines and five to six soft rays. The skin is rough with low conical projections, spines, and tassels. The colouring is a combination of mottled grey and white with reddish-brown blotches and the fish is well-camouflaged among stones and corals. The inner sides of the broad pectoral fins have orange, black, and white blotches and the fins can be “flashed” as a warning. This fish closely resembles the reef stonefish (Synanceia verrucosa).

短翅小鲉、石狗公、石头鱼

Interorbital area and snout scaled; small spines at midline between tympanic spines frequently present; interorbital spines present; extra spines usually present on upper rear margin of eye after supraocular spine; dorsal spine, usually non longer than orbit diameter; body often covered with small skin flaps. Distinguished from other species of Scorpaenodes by having suborbital ridge with more than 5 spinous points, usually with 10 or more in adults

三色鹦嘴鱼

Scarus tricolor is a greenish parrotfish which normally shows pinkish or yellowish tints on the posterior portion of its body and a purplish band just inside the margin of each lobe of the caudal fin. The females are dark grey to almost black shading to blue to bluish-green on the lower flanks, with black edging to the scales, a red tail fin, an orange anal fin and sooty yellowish to orange pelvic fins. The terminal phase males are similar to those of Scarus forsteni, the most notable difference being that S. tricolor has a yellow inner pectoral axil.

尖吻棘鳞鱼

Sargocentron spiniferum is the largest squirrelfish in its range and can reach up to 51 cm (20 in) in length and 2.6 kg (5.7 lb) in weight (the Atlantic Holocentrus adscensionis can surpass the length, but it is slimmer). A more common length for S. spiniferum is 35 cm (14 in). The body is oval and laterally compressed. The head has a pointed snout and large eyes, being largely nocturnal. The basic colour is bright red. It has silver scale margins, a spinous dorsal fin and a large deep red patch just behind the eyes. The lower jaw protrudes beyond the upper jaw. It bears a very long preopercle spine (near the gill-opening). The anal and ventral fins are yellowish. The caudal fin is clearly bifid.

尖鼻箱鲀

Ostracion nasus also known as the Shortnose boxfish is a species of boxfish found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. This species grows to a length of 30 centimetres (12 in) TL.

相模湾吻鲉

Is actinopterygii outline scorpaeniformes rockfish suborder Scorpaenidae wherein one of temperate marine fish, distributed in the Northwest Pacific Japan Sagami Bay, length up to 15 cm, a rock perched water bottom sediments, to fish and crab-eating, habits unknown

鲸鲨，鲸鲛、豆腐鲨、大憨鲨

Whale sharks have a mouth that can be 1.5 m (4.9 ft) wide, containing over 300 rows of tiny teeth and 20 filter pads which it uses to filter feed. Unlike many other sharks, whale sharks’ mouths are located at the front of the head rather than on the underside of the head. Whale sharks have five large pairs of gills. The head is wide and flat with two small eyes at the front corners. Whale sharks are dark grey with a white belly. Their skin is marked with pale grey or white spots and stripes which are unique to each individual. The whale shark has three prominent ridges along its sides, which start above and behind the head and end at the caudal peduncle. Its skin can be up to 15 cm thick and is very hard and rough to the touch. The shark has two dorsal fins set relatively far back on the body, a pair of pectoral fins, a pair of pelvic fins and a single medial anal fin. The tail has a larger upper lobe than the lower lobe (heterocercal). The whale shark’s spiracles are just behind its eyes.

甲尻鱼、锦文棘蝶鱼、双棘甲尻鱼，皇帝神仙、帝王鱼

The body of the Regal Angelfish is moderately elongate and is very compressed. The preorbital bone convex and has no strong spines. There is 1 prominent spine at an angle at the preopercal. The ventral edge of the interopercle is smooth. The eyes are moderately small along with the mouth that is terminal. The mouth is also protractile. They have a maximum length of 25.0 cm.They have a total of 14 dorsal spines, and 17-19 soft dorsal rays. They have 3 anal spines and 17-19 anal soft rays. They also have 16-17 pectoral fin rays. Their caudal fin is rounded. The precise coloration of this fish can vary as regional differences can occur, most notably in populations from the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, and South Pacific Ocean. A commonality, however, is a body edged in narrow blue-white and orange stripes that are narrow and angle backward. The posterior portion of dorsal fin is black or blue with close-set blue dots, and the posterior portion of anal fin has alternating yellow and blue bands running parallel to body contour. The caudal fin is yellow. Juveniles are colored with a large dark spot on basal portion of the soft dorsal fin.[1] They have been reported of living 15 years.

长须狮子鱼，翱翔蓑鲉，魔鬼蓑鲉， 斑鳍蓑鲉

The red lionfish (Pterois volitans) is a venomouscoral reef fish in the familyScorpaenidae, orderScorpaeniformes. P. volitans is native to the Indo-Pacific region, but has become an invasive species in the Caribbean Sea, as well as along the East Coast of the United States and East Mediterranean. This and a similar species, Pterois miles, have both been deemed invasive species. Red lionfish are clad in white stripes alternated with red/maroon/brown stripes. Adults in this species can grow as large as 47 cm (18.5 in) in length, making it one of the largest species of lionfish in the ocean, while juveniles are typically shorter than 1 inch (2.5 cm). The average red lionfish lives around 10 years. As with many species within the family Scopaenidae, it has large, venomous spines that protrude from the body, similar to a mane, giving it the common name lionfish. The venomous spines make the fish inedible or deter most potential predators. Lionfish reproduce monthly and are able to quickly disperse during their larval stage for expansion of their invasive region. No definitive predators of the lionfish are known, and many organizations are promoting the harvest and consumption of lionfish in efforts to prevent further increases in the already high population densities.

带鳞鳍梅鲷、蒂尔乌尾鮗、乌尾冬仔

P. tile can reach a length of 25 cm (9.8 in). The back of the body is dark blue, while the flanks show a bluish-green strike with a black stripe along the lateral line. The lower third of the body varies from white to pinkish. The lower half of the body turns bright red at night (hence the common name neon fusilier). It is oviparous and not migratory; it feeds on zooplankton.

瑰丽凹尾塘鳢、黑尾鳍塘鳢

Ptereleotris evides, the Blackfin dartfish, is a species of dartfish native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It is a reef inhabitant and can be found at depths of from 2 to 15 metres (6.6 to 49.2 ft). This species can reach a length of 14 centimetres (5.5 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.

黄边副鳞鲀

The yellowmargin triggerfish, Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus, are marine fish in the triggerfish family Balistidae. They originate in coastal tropical waters and reefs of the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea south to Natal, South Africa and east from southern Japan south to Indonesia, Philippines and Samoa. They can be found at water depths from 2–50 m (6.6–164.0 ft).

侧带拟花鮨、侧带拟花鲈

Pseudanthias pleurotaenia also known as the squarespot anthias, pink square anthias, mirror basslet or squarespot fairy basslet is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the subfamily Anthiinae of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. This species of Pseudanthias is a reef dwelling fish of the Pacific Ocean. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade and grows to a size of 20 cm in length. The males are deep pink and orange in colour with a large quadrilateral purplish blotch on the flank, a red tip on the posterior margin of the dorsal fin, the caudal fin lobes have mauve tips and there is a reddish stripe which runs from the snout through the eye and through the base of the pectoral fin to the base of the tail. Females and juveniles are yellowish in colour with orange edges to their scales and they have two purple stripes which run from the eye along the lower flanks to the base of the tail.

黄颅盖刺鱼，黄面神仙鱼

The yellowface angelfish grows to a maximum length of 38 centimetres (15 in) and is laterally compressed. The mouth is just above the tip of the snout. The fins are large and rounded and are yellow, some edged with blue round the margins. The dorsal fin is set just in front of the caudal region, has a distinctive black eyespot at the base and has 13–14 spines and 16–18 soft rays. The anal fin has 3 spines and 16–18 soft rays. The scales are pale blue edged with yellow giving a reticulated pattern. The face is yellow with a dense network of brilliant blue lines on the bottom half and a plain yellow mask around the eyes. Juveniles are quite differently coloured with 6 vertical white bars separated by pale blue lines and a caudal fin barred in 2 shades of blue. The juveniles change colour gradually after reaching a length of 7 to 12 centimetres (2.8 to 4.7 in). This species can be confused with the queen angelfish (Holacanthus ciliaris) or the blue angelfish (Holacanthus bermudensis), but both these have a completely blue face and lack the caudal eyespot.

主刺盖鱼，皇帝神仙鱼，皇后神仙鱼

Juveniles are dark blue with electric blue and white rings; adults have yellow and blue stripes, with black around the eyes. It takes about 24 to 30 months for an emperor angelfish to acquire its adult coloring. Full adult size is about 40 cm (15.75 in) in length

肩环刺盖鱼、环纹刺盖鱼、环纹盖刺鱼、环纹神仙

Pomacanthus annularis can reach a body length of about 45 cm (18 in), but usually the total body length get up to about 30 cm (12 in). Bodies are deeply compressed and the mouth is quite small. They have 13 dorsal spines, 20-21 dorsal soft rays, 3 anal spines and 20 anal soft rays.

鳗鲇

Plotosus lineatus can reach a maximum length of 32 cm (13 in).The body is brown with cream-colored or white longitudinal bands.

The most striking feature of this species is in the fins, in fact the second dorsal, caudal and anal are fused together as in eels. In the rest of the body is quite similar to a freshwater catfish: the mouth is surrounded by four pairs of barbels, four on the upper jaw and four on the lower jaw. The first dorsal and each of the pectoral fins have a highly venomous spine. They may even be fatal.

东方石鲈、东方胡椒鲷、打铁婆、花身舅仔、六线妞妞

The Indian Ocean oriental sweetlips reach up to 72 cm (28 in) in SL. Juveniles are striped black. As they age, the stripes in the tail are replaced by black dots on a yellow background.

条纹胡椒鲷、条纹石鲈、斜带石鲈、斜纹胡椒鲷、花脸仔、打铁婆

Plectorhinchus lineata also known as the yellowbanded sweetlips, is a species of grunt which inhabits coral reefs of the western Pacific Ocean, where it occurs at depths from 1 to 35 m (3.3 to 114.8 ft). This species can reach 72 cm (28 in) in TL. It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade.

驼背胡椒鲷、驼背石鲈、黑石鲈、黑胡椒鲷，打铁婆

Plectorhinchus gibbosus, commonly known as the Harry sweetlips, is a marine fish native to the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans.

斑胡椒鲷，厚唇石鲈，燕子花旦、打铁婆、花脸，花旦新娘，朱古力

Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides, the harlequin sweetlips, is a species of grunt native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It is a denizen of coral reefs found at depths of from 1 to 30 m (3.3 to 98.4 ft). It can reach 72 cm (28 in) in TL. The heaviest known individual weighed 7 kg (15 lb). This species is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade.

白带石鲈、白带胡椒鲷、厚嘴仔、打铁婆

Plectorhinchus albovittatus, the two-striped sweetlips, is a species of grunt native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. They occur in lagoons, reefs, or around seamounts. Juveniles live in turbid inshore and brackish waters. This species can reach 100 cm (39 in) SL. This species can be found in the aquarium trade.

尖翅燕鱼

Platax teira has a dark blotch under the pectoral fin, with another long dark mark above the base of the anal fin. Looked at from the side, it has a roughly circular body with a low hump on the nape. This fish is usually silver, grey or brownish. It has a blackish band through the eye and another band with the pectoral fin. They will change colour from silvery white with no bands, to brown with darker banding as you watch, and then fade back to silver again.

圆翅燕鱼 、弯鳍燕鱼、蝙蝠鱼、鲳仔、圆海燕、飞翼

As a juvenile it is blackish brown, or black with an orange stripe outlining its entire body. Adults become a dull silver. This fish grows to a maximum size of 45 cm (18 in).

粗吻短带鳚、横口鳚、狗鲦

From before birth, their eggs are demersal and adhesive and attach to substrates via a filamentous adhesive pad or pedestal. The bluestriped fangblenny can attain around 90mm in length. Two distinct colour phases of this fish are present; blue with a black stripe from snout to tail, or orange with two narrow blue lines from snout to tail. Unlike most blennies, the bluestriped fangblenny is free swimming. Adults inhabit clear, coral-rich areas of lagoon and seaward reefs and it is fairly common on both coral and rocky reefs, usually occurring singly or in pairs.[citation needed] They are known for being aggressive and feed on skin, mucus and sometimes other fish scales. They bite divers when alarmed.

变色跳岩鳚、狗鲦

Petroscirtes variabilis, the variable sabretooth blenny, variable fangblenny, or the variable blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in the western Pacific and Indian ocean. This species reaches a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in)

短头跳岩鳚

Petroscirtes breviceps, the striped poison-fang blenny mimic, striped fangblenny mimic, short-head sabretooth blenny, short-headed blenny, sabretooth blenny, or the black-banded blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the western Pacific and Indian ocean. This species reaches a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) SL.

拟单带副绯鲤 、 似条斑副绯鲤 、 秋姑、须哥

Parupeneus barberinoides, the bicolor goatfish, is a species of goatfish native to the western Pacific Ocean. An inhabitant of coral reefs, it can be found at depths of from 1 to 40 metres (3.3 to 131.2 ft). This species can reach a length of 30 centimetres (12 in) TL though most are only around 20 centimetres (7.9 in). This is a commercially important species and can also be found in the aquarium trade.

鹿儿岛副绒皮鲉、斑鳍绒棘鲉、虎鱼

Body elongate and compressed, covered with velvety prickles. Preoperculum with 5 blunt spines. Anterior part of dorsal fin higher (2nd and 3rd spines elongate). Body dark-brown with darker mottling . Isthmus without fleshy pad .

日本副单棘鲀 、 剥皮鱼

Habitat depth of 34-46 meters, body length up to 12 cm, perched in the sand sediments reef area, habits unknown

黄身副短鰕虎、黄副叶鰕虎鱼

Paragobiodon is a genus of gobies native to reef habitats of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

典范副短鰕虎、疣副叶鰕虎鱼

Paragobiodon is a genus of gobies native to reef habitats of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

蓝带箱鲀

Ostracion solorensis is a species of boxfish native to the western Pacific Ocean. Its common name is reticulate boxfish. It grows to 12 centimeters in length. It is sometimes kept as an aquarium fish.

米点箱鲀、白点箱鲀，花木瓜

Ostracion meleagris, the White-spotted boxfish, is a species of boxfish found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is found on reefs at depths of from 1 to 30 metres (3.3 to 98.4 ft). This species grows to a length of 25 centimetres (9.8 in) TL. Males and females differ in colour: males are blackish on the back with white spots, and have bluish sides with bright yellowish bands and spots. Females and juveniles are dark brown to blackish with white spots

粒突箱鲀、木瓜

The yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) is a species of boxfish. It can be found in reefs throughout the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean as well as the south eastern Atlantic Ocean. It reaches a maximum length of 45 centimeters(18 in.)

As the name suggests, it is box-shaped. Boxfish are also known for their armored and rigid body which in most cases would inhibit locomotion. This disadvantage is offset by the boxfish’s carapace shape which is much more advantageous for its evolved style of swimming- ostraciiform locomotion.When juvenile, it is bright yellow in color. As it ages, the brightness fades and very old specimens will have blue-grey to black colouration with faded yellow. It feeds mainly on algae, but will also feed on sponges, crustaceans and molluscs.

黄天竺鲷 、 环天竺鲷、环尾天竺鲷，大目侧仔

This fish is coppery-coloured with a broad blackish bar at the base of the tail, up to 14.5 cm in length. The upper jaw has a narrow blue streak, and a broad blackish stripe extends from the front of the snout to the eye. Easily confused with Ostorhinchus fleurieu, where the black tail bar does not narrow in the centre, but unlike this species, the stripe is also present in juveniles.

红牙鳞鲀、魔鬼炮弹、红牙板机鲀

Redtoothed triggerfish are normally deep purple with bluish-green markings on their heads and glowing light blue margins on the tail lobes and fins. Just like other fish in the family Balistidae, the tail is lyre-shaped. The mouth of the triggerfish seems to be grinning and it maintains tiny red teeth that are needle sharp with two teeth in the upper jaw which can be seen when its mouth is closed. These triggerfish are one of the more peaceful triggers in the family but can become threatening with age and can perform a grunting-type sound. They have the ability to change their colour depending on their mood, food, feeding and water quality from purple to blue and to bluish-green.

加勒比海双斑章鱼

unknow

蓝章 、土婆

Living as it does on coral reefs, and hunting by day, O. cyanea is adept at camouflage and not only can change colour frequently, but also can change the patterns on and texture of its skin. One researcher observed it change its appearance 1000 times in seven hours. As it moves across the seabed it makes changes in its colouring and appearance to match the substrate beneath.[6] The colour changes are instantaneous and made by chromatophores under direct control of the brain. This octopus sometimes produces a “passing clouds” display when stationary near prey such as a crab; this mimics a dark shadow passing across its surface and may encourage the crab to move incautiously.

蓝斑魟鱼、 古氏魟

The bluespotted stingray has a flat disc-like rhomboid body up to 47 centimeters (19 in) in diameter and 70 centimeters (28 in) in total length.Their coloring is a dark green with blue spots with a light white underbelly also known as countershading. Its snout is very short and broadly angular along with its angular disc. The rays’ bright coloration serves as a warning for its venomous spines. The ray has a very long tail accommodating two venomous spines on the base of the tail. The tail is about twice as long as the body of the ray, and the barbs or spines are two different sizes, one being very large and the other a medium-sized barb. The bluespotted stingray has bright yellow eyes that are positioned to allow them a wide angle of view. Since the gills are located ventrally, the spiracles allow water to reach the gills while resting or feeding on the benthos. The spiracles are located directly behind the eyes. The mouth is located on the ventral side of the body, which promotes the unique foraging technique of stingrays. Rays are normally solitary individuals but can occur in groups. One unique characteristic of the bluespotted stingray is that they rarely bury themselves in the sand, only to hide from predators, unlike the majority of stingrays who bury themselves regularly to hunt.

越前水母

The diameter when fully grown is slightly greater than the height of an average man. The species was named in tribute to Mr. Kan’ichi Nomura (C18–C19), Director General of the Fukui Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, who in early December 1921 sent a specimen in a 72-litre wooden tank to Professor Kishinouye, who found that it was unknown and spent some time at the station to study living specimens.

丝鳍线塘鳢、 雷达，雷达虾虎，雷达古B，大口线塘鳢

Nemateleotris magnifica, the fire goby, fire fish, fire dartfish, or red fire goby is a species of dartfish native to the Indian and Pacific oceans from the eastern coast of Africa to the Hawaiian Islands and from the Austral Islands north to the Ryukyu Islands. It is an inhabitant of reefs where it can be found at depths of from 6 to 70 metres (20 to 230 ft). It is usually found just above the bottom, facing into the current, where it awaits its prey of small invertebrates.

丝尾鼻鱼、高鼻鱼、丝条盾尾鱼

This is a relatively large member of the Acanthuridae, easily reaching 60 centimeters. The adult has tall dorsal and anal fins, vertical blue lines on its sides, and small blue spots dorsally and ventrally. A broad blue band extends from the eyes to the prominent snout. The coloration of the juvenile is a dingy green with blue spots and lips, later turning deeper blue with purple markings. The fish turns mud-brown while sleeping or when frightened, a form of camouflage.

韦氏南海龙

Nannocampus weberi, also known as the reef-flat pipefish is a species of marine fish belonging to the family Syngnathidae. They can be found inhabiting reefs in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia particularly the islands of Sumba and Bali. Their diet likely consists of small crustaceans such as copepods. Reproduction occurs through ovoviviparity in which the males brood eggs before giving live birth

翻车鱼、翻车鲀、曼波鱼、头鱼

The caudal fin of the ocean sunfish is replaced by a rounded clavus, creating the body’s distinct truncated shape. The body is flattened laterally, giving it a long oval shape when seen head-on. The pectoral fins are small and fan-shaped, while the dorsal fin and the anal fin are lengthened, often making the fish as tall as it is long. Specimens up to 3.2 m (10.5 ft) in height have been recorded.

魔鬼蝠鲼

Mobula eregoodootenkee (the pygmy devil ray or longhorned mobula) is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae. It is endemic to the Indian Ocean and central-west Pacific Ocean. It ranges from South Africa in the west to the Philippines in the east, north to Vietnam, and south to the northern coast of Australia.

安氏小颌海龙

Micrognathus andersonii es una especie de pez de la familia Syngnathidae en el orden de los Syngnathiformes.

火焰花枝 、 火焰墨鱼、火焰乌贼

M. pfefferi is a robust-looking species, having a very broad, oval mantle. Arms are broad and blade-like and have four rows of suckers. The modified arm used by males for fertilisation, called the hectocotylus, is borne on the left ventral arm. The oral surface of the modified region of the hectocotylus is wide, swollen, and fleshy. It bears transversely grooved ridges and a deep furrow running along the middle. The sucker-bearing surface of the tentacular clubs is flattened, with 5 or 6 suckers arranged in transverse rows. These suckers differ greatly in size, with the largest located near the centre of the club. Three to four median suckers are especially large, occupying most of middle portion of the club. The swimming keel of the club extends considerably near to the carpus. The dorsal and ventral protective membranes are not joined at the base of the club, but fused to the tentacular stalk. Dorsal and ventral membranes differ in length and extend near to the carpus along the stalk. The dorsal membrane forms a shallow cleft at the junction with the stalk. This particular species of cuttlefish is the only one known to walk upon the sea floor. Due to the small size of its cuttlebone, it can float only for a short time.

黑带稀棘鳚

Meiacanthus grammistes the striped blenny, also called the striped fang blenny, grammistes blenny, line-spot harptail blenny or striped poison-fang blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny from the western Pacific Ocean. The fish stays in the open ocean, but travels into shallow saltwater and brackish estuaries. This venomous species occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.

珊瑚礁鬼 蝠鲼 、阿氏前口蝠鲼、珊瑚礁鬼蝠鲼，魔鬼鱼、飞鲂仔、鹰鲂

The reef manta ray can grow to a disc size of up to 5 m (16 ft) but average size commonly observed is 3 to 3.5 m (11 ft). It is dorsoventrally flattened and has large, triangular pectoral fins on either side of the disc. At the front, it has a pair of cephalic fins which are forward extensions of the pectoral fins. These can be rolled up in a spiral for swimming or can be flared out to channel water into the large, forward-pointing, rectangular mouth when the animal is feeding. The eyes and the spiracles are on the side of the head behind the cephalic fins, and the 5 gill slits are on the ventral (under) surface. It has a small dorsal fin and the tail is long and whip-like. The manta ray does not have a spiny tail as do the closely related devil rays (Mobula spp). The color of the dorsal side is dark black to midnight blue with scattered whitish and greyish areas on top head. The ventral surface is white, sometimes with dark spots and blotches. The markings can often be used to recognise individual fish.Mobula alfredi is similar in appearance to Mobula birostris and the two species may be confused as their distribution overlaps. However, there are distinguishing features.

斑点羽鳃笛鲷、斑点笛鲷、琉球黑毛

The midnight snapper (Macolor macularis) is a marine fish native to the western Pacific Ocean.

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白斑笛鲷、双斑笛鲷，海豚哥、红鱼曹、花脸

The two-spot red snapper can reach a length of 90 cm (35 in), though most do not exceed 76 cm (30 in). The greatest recorded weight for this species is 12.5 kg (28 lb). These large reddish tropical snappers show darker fins, a rounded profile of head and a groove running from the nostrils to the eyes. They have 10 dorsal spines and 3 anal spines. Juveniles and some adults have two silvery-white spots (hence the common name) on the back close to their dorsal fins, while larger adults lose the spots and become mostly red. Large adults may cause ciguatera poisoning.

裸叶鰕虎鱼 、 蓝眼虾虎鱼

Lubricogobius is a genus of fish in the family Gobiidae found in the Pacific Ocean.

黑斑圆鳞鳎沙、 星点圆鳞鳎 ，龙舌、鳎沙、比目鱼

Liachirus is a genus of soles native to the Indian and western Pacific oceans.

尖吻龙占 、 长吻龙占、猪哥仔、龙尖

Lethrinus olivaceus can reach a length of about 70–100 centimetres (28–39 in). This large lethrinid has a very long snout, with dark wavy streaks. The basic color of the body is olive-grayish, usually with various irregular darker blotches, but it can have different colour and pattern for a better camouflage. It has 10 dorsal spine, 9 dorsal soft rays, 3 anal spines and 8 anal soft rays. Juveniles show a more forked caudal fin. This species is very similar to Lethrinus microdon.

福氏角箱鲀

Like other members of the family Ostraciidae, the thornback cowfish has hexagonal, plate-like scales which are fused together to form a solid, box-like carapace, from which the eyes, mouth, fins and tail protrude. The mouth is small and has protruding lips, the upper profile of the snout is straight, the back is somewhat convex, the flanks are concave and the belly rounded. There are small pre-ocular spines on either side of the head, a large spine projects from the dorsal ridge and a further moderate-sized spine projects from each of the pelvic ridges near the anal fin. Neither the dorsal fin nor the anal fin has any spines but both have nine soft rays, while the caudal fin is fan-shaped and has ten rays. A typical length for this fish is 15 cm (6 in); the colour is variable, and changes to match the fish’s surroundings; generally pale tan with spots or wiggly markings in yellow, mauve or blue. In some regions, this fish is toxic.

角箱鲀、长牛角、箱河鲀、牛角、牛角狄

The longhorn cowfish (Lactoria cornuta), also called the horned boxfish, is a species of boxfish from the family Ostraciidae, recognizable by its long horns that protrude from the front of its head, rather like those of a cow or bull.They are a resident of the Indo-Pacific region and can grow up to 50 cm (20 in) long.

裂唇鱼、清洁鱼、鱼医生、半带拟隆鲷、蓝带裂唇鲷

This is a small wrasse, averaging 10 cm long (14 cm max). It can be recognized thanks to a wide longitudinal black stripe running along the side and eye; the back and the stomach are white (sometimes slightly yellowish). This white part changes to a bright blue on the front of the animal, while the black band widens at the tail. The young are black with an electric blue line.

双指鬼鲉、虎鱼、石狗公

Inimicus didactylus, also known as demon stinger or devil stinger, is a member of the Inimicusgenus of venomous fishes, closely related to the true stonefishes. It can reach a body length of 25 cm (10 in) and is irregularly surfaced with spines and a knobby appearance. The fish has venomous spines to ward off enemies. The fish are nocturnal, and often dig themselves partially into the sandy seabed during the day. The body is red or sandy yellow and well camouflaged on sandy and coral seabeds.

侏儒微鳍乌贼

pygmaeus weighs 0.00033 g upon hatching and increases in weight to 0.175 g as it reaches maturity in 50 days (1260 degree days). It inhabits waters at a temperature of 25.2 °C. Growth rate has been calculated as 12.55 and physiological growth rate as 0.498.

pygmaeus grows to 20 mm in mantle length.

贝尔彻海蛇

The belcher’s sea snake is of moderate size, ranging from 0.5 to 1 meter (about 20–40 inches) in adult length. Its thin body is usually chrome yellowish in colour with dark greenish crossbands. The dorsal pattern does not extend onto the venter. The head is short and has bands of the same colours. Its mouth is very small but suitable for aquatic life. Its body, when viewed out of water, appears to have a faint yellow colour. Its scales are different from most other snakes in that they overlap each other. Each dorsal scale has a central tubercle. The body is strongly laterally compressed posteriorly. The ventral scales are very narrow, only slightly wider than the dorsal scales.

管海马、库达海马

The yellow seahorse is a small fish that can reach a length of 17–30 cm.

The body is quite large, elongated and has no spines, all bumps are rounded. The head is relatively large compared to the body. The snout is short and thick. The coronet is small and rises towards the rear, it can also sometimes have more or less long filaments. Some adults have a black line running through the dorsal fin in the direction of its width. The body coloration is often dark with a grainy texture but can also be yellow, cream or reddish with blotches and numerous small dark spots.

巴氏豆丁海马

The pygmy seahorse is well camouflaged and extremely difficult to spot amongst the gorgonian coral it inhabits. So effective is this camouflage that the species wasn’t actually discovered until its host gorgonian was being examined in a laboratory.In 1969, a New Caledonian scientist, Georges Bargibant, was collecting specimens of Muricella gorgonians for the Nouméa museum and whilst one of these was on his dissection table he happened to notice a pair of tiny seahorses. The next year they were officially named by Whitley as “Bargibant’s pygmy seahorse.” Large, bulbous tubercles cover its body and match the colour and shape of the polyps of its host species of gorgonian coral, while its body matches the gorgonian stem. It is not known whether individuals can change colour if they change hosts, although the ability to change colour according to their surroundings does exist in some other seahorse species, such as Hippocampus whitei. Other distinctive pygmy seahorse characteristics include a fleshy head and body, a very short snout, and a long, prehensile tail. This is also one of the smallest seahorse species in the world, typically measuring less than 2 centimetres (0.79 in) in height.

三带立旗鲷、金口马夫鱼，南洋关刀

The threeband pennantfish is a small-sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 18 cm.The body is laterally strongly flattened, with a basic white color and three broad oblique brown bands. The first dark brown band runs from the forehead up to the ventral fins, the second from the dorsal fin to the anal fin, the third is adjacent to the dorsal fin. The first rays of the dorsal fin is elongated and looks like a black and white feather.

夫鱼、白吻立旗鲷，黑白关刀

The reef bannerfish is a small-sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 25 cm. However, the average size generally observed in the nature oscillates around 15 cm.

Its body is compressed laterally, the first rays of its dorsal fin stretch in a long white filament. The background color of its body is white with two large black diagonal bands. Beyond the second black stripe, the dorsal and the caudal fins are yellow. The pectoral fins are also yellow. The head is white, the eyes are black and linked together by a black band. The snout, spotted with black, is a bit stretched with a small terminal protractile (it can be extend) mouth.

多鳞霞蝶鱼、 银斑蝶鱼、 霞蝶

The pyramid butterflyfish is a small-sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 18 cm.

Its body is compressed laterally with a rounded body profile, and its snout protrudes forwards slightly with a small protrusible (extendable) mouth. Its very characteristic livery leaves no doubt about the identification.

横带厚唇鱼、 斑节龙

The barred thicklip wrasse is a medium-sized fish that can reach a maximum length between 30 cm to 50 cm.

Its body is high, relatively flattened, its head is large and its terminal mouth has thick lips. Its body coloration varies according to age.

During the juvenile phase, this wrasse has a green-yellow background color with six yellow vertical lines and in between them there is thin black vertical lines which are not necessarily visible.

蓝环章鱼

The greater blue-ringed octopus is, despite its vernacular name, a small octopus whose size does not exceed 10 centimeters, arms included, for an average weight of 80 grams. Its common name comes from the relatively large size of its blue rings (7 to 8 millimeters in diameter), which are larger than those of other members of the genus and help to distinguish this type of octopus.The head is slightly flattened dorsoventrally and finished in a tip. Its eight arms are short.

方斑海猪鱼 、 云斑海猪鱼、方斑海猪鱼，黄花龙

The checkerboard wrasse is a small sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 27 centimetres (11 in). Both its sex and appearance change during its life, and the colouring at each stage is rather variable based on location. The body is thin, relatively lengthened and its mouth is terminal.

黄身海猪鱼 、 金色海猪鱼

The canary wrasse is a small fish that can reach a maximum length of 12 cm. It has a thin, elongate body with a terminal mouth. Body coloration is bright yellow with a few variations according to age. Juvenile and immature female have two black spots rimmed with white or light yellow on the dorsal fin (the first one at the start of the fin (head side) and the second in the middle of its dorsal fin) and a third one between the caudal peduncle and the start of the caudal fin. Mature females or young males only show the two black spots on the dorsal fin. Mature males display only the first black spot on the front of the dorsal fin, a lighter-colored spot just behind the eye and irregular greenish to pinkish lines on the face.

裸狐鲣、裸䲠，长翼

The dogtooth tuna can reach a length of 190–248 centimetres (75–98 in) in males. and a weight of 130 kg. The average size commonly observed is around 40 to 120 cm. They have 12-14 dorsal soft rays and 12-13 anal soft rays. The lateral line is strongly undulating. These large size tunas have a streamline shape and a distinctive body coloration: brilliant blue green on the back, silvery on the side and whitish on the belly, with two white tips on the two back fins close to its caudal peduncle. They are always swimming with open jaws. The upper jaw of the large mouth reaches the eye.

六带线纹鱼 、 六线黑鲈，包公

Grammistes sexlineatus is a middle sized fish, which can grow to a maximum length of 30 cm. Its background body color is dark brown with a maximum of six white to yellow horizontal lines. The number of lines depends on the maturity of the fish. Juveniles have white to yellow dots on a dark background until an approximate size of 17.5 mm. Thereafter, the points gradually become lines. At a length of 5 cm, these soap fish have three horizontal lines. Only from 8 cm long that the soapfish gets the six distinctive horizontal lines. Note that in adult specimens close to the maximum size, these lines tend to sever to form small strokes and points.

金带齿颌鲷、 黄点鲷

The goldspot seabream is a medium-sized fish which can grow up to a maximum length of 30 cm, however the commonly observed size is 20 cm. Its body is compressed laterally, the snout is pointed and the tail is forked. The background coloration is silver-grey with golden horizontal lines on the sides, these later are topped by dark horizontal lines. Its fins have pinkish shades, a yellow mustache-like line overcomes the upper lip, the junction of the pectoral fins to the body is marked with yellow and also along the outer edge of the operculum. A golden yellow spot located on the back at the termination of the dorsal fin is a hallmark of this species. In proportion to body size, the eyes are quite large.

黄镊口鱼、 火箭蝶

The yellow longnose butterflyfish or forceps butterflyfish, Forcipiger flavissimus, is a species of marine fish in the family Chaetodontidae.

The yellow longnose butterflyfish is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area from the eastern coast of Africa to Hawaii, Red Sea included, and is also found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from Baja California to the Revillagigedo Islands and the Galapagos.

棘烟管鱼、无鳞烟管鱼、棘马鞭鱼、康氏马鞭鱼

It is widespread in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific as far north as Japan and east to the coasts of the Americas, including the Red Sea. In 2000, its presence was reported in the Mediterranean Sea; since then, it has continued to disperse and is now well established in some areas. This species is considered as part of the Lessepsian migration. It has spread rapidly through the Mediterranean from its origin in the Suez Canal, the first records being off Israel in 2000 and it had reached the southern coast of Spain and as far north as the Gulf of Lions by 2007.Scientists have determined that the fish in the Mediterranean are all descended from a small number of ancestors, possibly as a result of a single invasion event, and are not as genetically variable as their conspecifics in the Red Sea.

海蛾鱼、海蛾鱼

The little dragonfish or short dragonfish (Eurypegasus draconis) is a species of marine fish in the family Pegasidae. It is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific, including the Red Sea.

The little dragonfish can grow up to 10 cm (3.9 in) length. It sheds its skin in one piece. Millions of these kind of fish are sold for traditional medicine each year in China and Hong Kong alone.

猎阔唇栉水母

Members of the phylum Ctenophora are hermaphroditic. Life cycle: Eggs develop into planktonic juveniles called cydippid and later gradually adopt the form of adults.

柏氏四盘耳乌贼、 目斗仔、 两耳仔、双耳墨

The hummingbird bobtail squid is a small sized sepia. Its size varies according to the sex; males are no bigger than 3 centimetres (1.2 in) while the female reaches 5 centimetres (2.0 in) length.The global body aspect is compact and rounded. It possesses eight arms and two tentacles, a pair of small lateral fins on the posterior part of the mantle. The background color of the body is translucent with a large number of tiny dark chromatophores. Those later are widely distributed on all the body from arms, head, ventral and dorsal areas of the mantle, except the pair of lateral fins which only the border with the mantle has chromatophores. The external color of the sepia, as we see it, is like a blend of small dark, electric blue and green dots.

玳瑁、瑇瑁、蝳蝐、瑇玳、文甲、鹰嘴海龟、十三鲮龟、十三鳞、十三棱龟、明玳瑁、千年龟

The hawksbill’s appearance is similar to that of other marine turtles. In general, it has a flattened body shape, a protective carapace, and flipper-like limbs, adapted for swimming in the open ocean. E. imbricata is easily distinguished from other sea turtles by its sharp, curving beak with prominent tomium, and the saw-like appearance of its shell margins. Hawksbill shells slightly change colors, depending on water temperature. While this turtle lives part of its life in the open ocean, it spends more time in shallow lagoons and coral reefs. The World Conservation Union, primarily as a result of Human fishing practices, classifies E. imbricata as critically endangered.Hawksbill shells were the primary source of tortoiseshell material used for decorative purposes. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species outlaws the capture and trade of hawksbill sea turtles and products derived from them.

水石斑鱼

The camouflage grouper (Epinephelus polyphekadion) is a species of marine fish in the family Serranidae.

The camouflage grouper is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area from the eastern coast of Africa to the French Polynesia and it is also present in the Red Sea.

褐点石斑鱼

Epinephelus fuscoguttatus is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 120 cm, but the average size mostly observed is 50 cm.Its body has a stocky and robust aspect, is compressed laterally and has a sharp profile for the head. The mouth is big and has a superior position with many small teeth and canine in front. The background coloration is pale yellowish-brown with many irregular in size and shape dark brown or Grey blotches. The body is also covered with many small dark brown spots. All the fins are large and round.

纳氏异齿鳚、红尾无须鳚、红尾异齿鳚

Ecsenius namiyei, commonly called black comb-tooth blenny or Namiye’s coralblenny, is a species of marine fish in the family Blenniidae. The specific name honours the Japanese zoologist and museum curator Motoyoshi Namiye (1854-1915).

The black comb-tooth is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean from the Philippines to Solomon Islands.

长印鱼，䲟、吸盘鱼、粘船鱼

E. naucrates is a medium-sized fish which can grow up to 110 cm (43 in) length.Its body is elongated and streamlined, and its lower jaw is clearly prognathic (it projects forward well beyond the upper jaw).The jaws, vomer and tongue have villiform teeth. The main distinctive feature to distinguish from other fishes is the oval-shaped sucking disc, which is a highly modified dorsal fin positioned from the top of the head to the anterior part of the body.

带纹矛吻海龙、黑环海龙

Dunckerocampus pessuliferus (yellowbanded pipefish) is a species of marine fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is a coastal species, inhabiting waters around the Coral Triangle, including the Philippines, Indonesia, and northwestern Australia. It lives in coral patches on sandy and muddy slopes at depths of 15–44 metres (49–144 ft), where it can grow to lengths of 16 centimetres (6.3 in). It is an active cleaner, feeding off of parasitic crustaceans growing on other fishes. The adult fish form pairs and are normally observed swimming along the bottom around large remote coral heads on muddy slopes. This species is ovoviviparous, with males carrying eggs and giving birth to live young

儒艮、美人鱼、海牛

Dugongs are found in warm coastal waters from the western Pacific Ocean to the eastern coast of Africa, along an estimated 140,000 kilometres (86,992 mi) of coastline between 26° and 27° degrees to the north and south of the equator. Their historic range is believed to correspond to that of seagrasses from the Potamogetonaceae and Hydrocharitaceae families. The full size of the former range is unknown, although it is believed that the current populations represent the historical limits of the range, which is highly fractured.Today populations of dugongs are found in the waters of 37 countries and territories. Recorded numbers of dugongs are generally believed to be lower than actual numbers, due to a lack of accurate surveys. Despite this, the dugong population is thought to be shrinking, with a worldwide decline of 20 percent in the last 90 years. They have disappeared from the waters of Hong Kong, Mauritius, and Taiwan, as well as parts of Cambodia, Japan, the Philippines and Vietnam. Further disappearances are likely.

黑胶海龙

The species is distinguished by its bluish mid-lateral stripe contrasting an orange or reddish body. Furthermore, it has a fan-like tail. A caudal fin is present, which is rounded with a white outline, the inside mostly black.The fish’s snout is elongated.

Males and females of the species grow to an average of 7 cm. A male will have a series of bumps and hooks on the upper surface of its snout, while a female will have a smooth snout. Males mature around lengths of 31 mm.

布氏刺鲀

The Black-blotched porcupinefish is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 65 cm (26 in), but the average size most likely to be observed is 45 cm (18 in). Its body is elongated with a spherical head with big round protruding eyes and a large mouth that is rarely closed. The pectoral fins are large, the pelvic fins are absent, the anal and dorsal fins are close to the caudal peduncle. The latter move simultaneously during swimming. All fins are a uniform tint of white or yellowish without any spotting. The skin is smooth and firm, the scales are modified into spines directed towards the back. The body coloration is light brown to sandy-yellowwith dark blotches circled with a white line and pale ventral surface. The only other fish with which it might be confused is the long-spine porcupinefish, (Diodon holocanthus) but it has much shorter spines and it lacks a dark streak running between the eyes.

六斑二齿鲀、刺龟、刺规、刺乖

The long-spine porcupinefish is pale in colour with large black blotches and smaller black spots; these spots becoming fewer in number with age. It has many long, two-rooted depressible spines particularly on its head. The teeth of the two jaws are fused into a parrot-like “beak”. Adults may reach 50 cm (20 in) in length. The only other fish with which it might be confused is the black-blotched porcupinefish (Diodon liturosus), but it has much longer spines than that species.

大唇少棘胡椒鯛

Common in the Solitary Islands Marine Park. Widespread tropical Indo-Pacific: East Africa and Red Sea to the Western Pacific. In Australia recorded from southern Western Australia, across the tropical north, south through Queensland to central New South Wales, and including Lord Howe Island.

线纹环盘鱼

The long-snout clingfish is a small type of fish, which can grow up to 5 centimetres (2.0 in).

It has an elongated body and a stretched and spatulate snout. The snout is a criterion for recognizing the sex of the fish, since females have a longer and finer snout than males. This sexual dimorphism reflects a different diet between the two sexes.

花斑短狮子鱼，花斑短鳍蓑鲉，斑马纹多臂蓑鲉

The zebra turkeyfish is an unusual looking fish with vertical stripes in orange, white and black on the body, and large, banded fan-like pectoral fins that flare out on either side as the fish lies on the seabed. The front dorsal fin is made up of thirteen tall, quill-like spines and the second dorsal fin has ten to eleven soft rays. The anal fin has three spines and about ten soft rays. The second dorsal fin, the anal fin and the rounded caudal fin are transversely banded in black and white. This fish grows to a maximum length of about 25 cm (10 in).

三斑宅泥鱼、三斑圆雀鲷、厚壳仔、三点白

The threespot dascyllus (Dascyllus trimaculatus), also known as the domino damsel or simply domino, is a species of damselfish from the family Pomacentridae. It is native to the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea and East Africa, to the Pitcairn Islands, southern Japan, and Australia. Its grey to black body has two lateral white spots and one between the eyes like domino hence the name; the threespot dascyllus grows up to 13 cm in length. Coloration is somewhat variable; the spot on the forehead may be absent and the lateral spots very much reduced. It feeds on algae, copepods and other planktonic crustaceans.

基氏连鳍䲗、基氏指腳䲗 、花青蛙、手指龙

Dactylopus kuiteri, known commonly as the Kuiter’s dragonet, is a species of marine fish in the family Callionymidae.

The Kuiter’s dragonet is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the central Indo-Pacific region and particularly around Indonesia.

东方豹鲂鮄、蜻蜒角、盖丝文、飞龟鱼、飞虎、飞角鱼

The oriental flying gurnard can grow to 40 cm (16 in) in length but its common size is about 20 cm (8 in). It has a broad head with a blunt snout and the eyes are set a long way apart. It has a heavily armoured robust body. The dorsal fin has seven spines and nine soft rays while the anal fin has no spines and six to seven soft rays. The huge, rounded pectoral fins having many dark spots and wavy streaks and a bright blue edge. Each ray has a feeler-like extension on the tip. This fish is well camouflaged with a grayish brown base color with dark brown or black markings on its head and body.

博氏孔牛尾鱼、 博氏孔鲬、竹甲、狗祈仔、牛尾

The Crocodilefish is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 50 cm (19.7 in), but the average size mostly observed is 35 cm (13.8 in).[1] The body is elongated and the head is particular because of its flat appearance like a duck bill. They have lappets at the rear of their globulous eyes, which help to break up the outline of the black iris and improve their camouflage. Juveniles begin black with few white spots and a white line behind the head. The adults have a body coloration which can vary in intensity according to the surrounding. The body is covered with a pattern like a mosaic of beige to brown spots or even greenish to grey separated by an interlacing of blue lines which ideally camouflaged them with their habitat.

圆点短刺鲀、 短棘圆刺鲀、刺规、气瓜仔、圆点圆刺鲀

Cyclichthys orbicularis, known commonly as the Birdbeak burrfish among other vernacular names, is a species of marine fish in the family Diodontidae.

The Birdbeak burrfish is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific region from Red Sea to the Philippines.

驼背鲈、老鼠斑，青斑

The humpback grouper is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 70 cm (28 in). Its particular body shape makes this grouper quite impossible to mix up with other fishes. Its body is compressed laterally and is relatively high. This stocky and strange visual effect is accented by its concave profile and its elongated snout which gives it a humpbacked appearance.

红鳍冠海龙、 红鳍海龙，黄带冠海龙

The messmate pipefish (Corythoichthys haematopterus) is a species of marine fish in the family Syngnathidae. It is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region, from the eastern coast of Africa to the Vanuatu Islands. This species can reach a length of 19.8 cm.It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade where it is known as the dragonfaced pipefish.Other common names are bloodspot pipefish, reef pipefish, reeftop pipefish and yellow-streaked pipefish.

盖马氏盔鱼、露珠盔鱼、盖马氏鹦鲷，柳冷仔、红龙

This species can reach 40 cm (16 in) in total length, though most do not exceed 20 cm (7.9 in).As a juvenile, it is a bright red colour with large, black-margined white spots. As an adult, it has a pink face and fins, with the exception of the tail fin, which is bright yellow. The body is green towards the anterior darkening and decorated with bright blue specks towards the caudal peduncle. The fish also gains a very bright orange anterior when it grows into adulthood, and has a drastically shaded body in the posterior region that is dotted with very bright blue spots ringed with dark blue.

斑鳄鲬

Cociella is a genus of flatheads native to the Indian and Pacific oceans.

真丝金䱵、鹰金䱵

The dwarf hawkfish can reach 7 cm (2.8 in) in total length. The dorsal fin has ten spines with numerous tassels on the tips of the spines. The anal fin has three spines and six soft rays. The pectoral fins are thick and elongated and spread out when the fish is resting on the substrate. This fish is pinkish-red and white in color with vertical banding or mottling.

斑金䱵、短嘴格

The spotted hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys aprinus is a species of hawkfish widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific region.A common species, it is found in rocky and coral areas of subtidal coastal reefs.

It can reach a maximum length of 12.5 cm (4.9 in). It is a food fish for indigenous peoples and can also be found in the aquarium trade. It is red-pink and white in color, and has tassels on the tip of its dorsal fin.

白斑鹦嘴鱼、太平洋雏菊鹦嘴鱼、太平洋鹦嘴鱼

The Pacific daisy parrotfish is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Pacific region, including the Hawaiian Islands. The female has a dark coloration with four pairs of white spots on the back part of its body just before the caudal peduncle. The latter and the caudal fin are whitish with black patch. There is great variation in the coloration within the males of this species. Their body is greenish with big scales outlined with purple-blue lines, three purple-blue stripes around the mouth, an orange patch on the chick with also a white one just upper the latter.

小鼻鹦哥鱼

Chlorurus microrhinos usually grows to be about 80 centimetres (31 in) long. These parrotfishes are greenish blue, with a brilliant blue band behind the corner of the mouth and a wide blue patch along the head. Rarely some individuals may be uniformly yellowish-tan. The cheek is crossed by an irregular line, below which the colour is usually greenish-yellow. Larger fishes are uniformly dark, greenish brown, turning into greenish blue only with age, but they do not undergo as radical a color change with growth as do other scarids.

网纹短刺鲀

Chilomycterus reticulatus has a rotund body, which can be inflated, with a wide, blunt head and large eyes. The nasal organ of adults sits in an open, pitted cup which in juveniles is a tentacle with two openings. The teeth are fused into a parrot like beak with no frontal groove and the mouth is large. The fins lack spines and there are no pelvic fins, the dorsal fin has 12-14 rays, the anal fin has 11-14 rays, the caudal fin has 10 rays and there are 19-22 rays in the large pectoral fins. The body is covered in small spines which are triangular on cross section, some of which are reduced to plates under the skin. There is a row of 8-10 spines which runs from the head to the dorsal fin, and there are one or two spines on the caudal peduncle.

绿蠵龟、青海龟

The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a species of large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus Chelonia. Its range extends throughout tropical and subtropical seas around the world, with two distinct populations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, but it is also found in the Indian Ocean.The common name refers to the usually green fat found beneath its carapace, not to the color of its carapace, which is olive to black.

曲纹唇鱼、苏眉鱼，拿破仑鱼、龙王鲷、海哥龙王、大片仔

The humphead wrasse is the largest living member of the family Labridae. Males are typically larger than females and are capable of reaching lengths of up to 2 meters from tip to tail and weighing up to 180 kg, but the average length is generally a little less than 1 meter. Females rarely grow larger than one meter in length. This species of fish can be easily identified by its large size, thick lips, two black lines behind its eyes, and the hump that appears on the forehead of larger adults. The color of the humphead wrasse can vary between a dull blue-green to more vibrant shades of green and purplish-blue. This particular reef fish prefers to live singly but adults are occasionally observed moving in small groups.

飘浮蝴蝶鱼、斜纹蝴蝶鱼，假人字蝶

The vagabond butterflyfish (Chaetodon vagabundus) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indo-Pacific region from the Red Sea and off East Africa as far east as the Tuamotu Islands, north to southern Japan and south to the Austral Islands.

华丽蝴蝶鱼、 黄风车蝶、黄斜纹蝶

The Ornate Butterflyfish, Chaetodon ornatissimus, is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). The Ornate Butterflyfish is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area.

The Coral hind is a small size fish and can reach a maximum size of 20 cm length . It is found in depths down to 36 m.

八带蝴蝶鱼、八线蝶

The Eight-banded Butterflyfish or eightband butterflyfish (Chaetodon octofasciatus) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indo- west Pacific region from Indonesia and the Philippines via Papua New Guinea and the Great Barrier Reef to the Solomon Islands, Palau, and north to China; it extends into the Indian Ocean at least to the Maldives, India and Sri Lanka.

黑背蝴蝶鱼、曙色蝶

The black-backed butterflyfish or blackback butterflyfish (Chaetodon melannotus) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is widespread through the Indo-Pacific area from the Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, to southern Japan and throughout Micronesia.

This fish grows up to 18 cm (c. 7 in) long, and may live for up to 20 years. When observed at night or when frightened, this species changes color; the dorsal portion of the body turns black except for two white patches.

克氏蝴蝶鱼、珠蝴蝶鱼、凤梨蝶、蓝头蝶

The body of this fish is yellowish brown with 1-2 broad lighter vertical bars, one running from near the origin of the dorsal spine to the belly, and sometimes another running from the middle of the back to the center of the body. A black bar runs vertically across the eye, and the part before this is whitish, with a black snout. The color varies somewhat across the range; western specimens usually have one beige bar, while eastern ones have two white bars. There may be numerous dotted horizontal stripes on the sides, or another dark band between the two light ones in eastern specimens.

鞍斑蝴蝶鱼、鞭蝴蝶鱼、月光蝶

It is a large butterflyfish, at up to 30 cm (nearly 12 in) long together with the Lined Butterflyfish (C. lineolatus) the giant among its genus. In shape it resembles certain angelfishes more than most of its relatives. The overall color is yellowish grey, with a large black spot bordered below by a broad white band on the back and wavy blue lines on the lower sides. The throat and the outline of the hind parts is bright yellow. Adults have a filament extending posteriorly from the upper part of the soft portion of the dorsal fin.

本氏蝴蝶鱼、 太阳蝶、双丝蝴蝶鱼、法国蝶

The bluelashed butterflyfish or eclipse butterflyfish (Chaetodon bennetti) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indo-Pacific from East Africa to the Pitcairn Islands, north to Japan and south to Lord Howe Island and Rapa Iti.

扬旛蝴蝶鱼、 丝蝴蝶鱼，人字蝶

Chaetodon auriga is up to 23 centimetres (9 in) long. Its body is white with `chevron’ markings on the side. Tear edge of the dorsal fin has a prominent black spot, and a prominent black vertical band runs through the eye. The rear of soft-dorsal fin has a trailing filament, and it has a belly patch of descending oblique dark lines as well as bright yellow fins. Two subspecies are sometimes recognised: Chaetodon auriga auriga occurs in the Red Sea population and lacks the dorsal eyespot; Chaetodon auriga setifer is the spotted population occurring outside the Red Sea.

乌顶蝴蝶鱼、项斑蝴蝶鱼，熊猫蝶、黑面蝶

It grows to a maximum length of 20 cm (nearly 8 in). The body is white with diagonal brown stripes on the sides. The dorsal, caudal, anal and pelvic fins are yellow. There are rounded broad black bands on the face, covering the eye, but not continuous from one side of the body to the other but with a separate black spot centered on the forehead.

青鲸鹦嘴鱼、青鹦嘴鱼，青衣、鹦哥鱼、蚝鱼、菜仔鱼

It is among the largest parrotfishes, growing to a standard length of up to 50 cm (20 in). As in many of its relatives, it is a sequential hermaphrodite, starting as female (known as the initial phase) and then changing to male (the terminal phase). The initial phase is dark brown with a large cream patch on the upper part of the body. The terminal phase is very colourful, overall green with pink spotting to the body and edging to the fins. Juveniles are white with a black spot on the dorsal fin and an orange band through the eye.

蓝点九棘鲈

A brown to reddish-brown rockcod, covered in bluish to cream spots, and often with mottling and several pale bars on the sides. Juveniles are bluish-grey to brownish with yellow fins (except pectoral fins).

斑点九棘鲈、 斑点九刺鮨、眼斑鲙

This is a medium-sized fish that can reach a length of 60 centimeters (24 in). Small individuals are dark brown with hundreds of small, dark-edged iridescent blue spots. Larger specimens sometimes develop four to six lighter vertical bars on the back half of its body.

二色刺尻鱼，二色棘蝶鱼，石美人、双色神仙、黄鹂神仙

The bicolor angelfish (Centropyge bicolor) is a marine species of fish, easily recognizable by its yellow tail, yellow front half of their body, and blue rear with blue patterns above and around the eye. This angelfish is also commonly known as: Pacific rock beauty, oriole angelfish, oriole dwarf angel, blue and gold angel, and two-colored angel. The average life expectancy is 5–13 years, depending upon its location. These fish tend to grow to a maximum of 6 inches in length, making them a dwarf fish.

仙后水母、倒立水母、朝天水母

Cassiopea andromeda (Upside-down jellyfish) is a type of jellyfish that usually lives in intertidal sand or mud flats, shallow lagoons, and around mangroves. This jellyfish, many times mistaken for a sea anemone, usually has its mouth upward on the bottom. Its bell, which is yellow-brown with streaks and spots that are white or pale, vibrates to make the water flow through its arms for respiration and the obtaining of food.

黑尾真鲨 、 黑印白眼鲛

The grey reef shark has a streamlined, moderately stout body with a long, blunt snout and large, round eyes. The upper and lower jaws each have 13 or 14 teeth (usually 14 in the upper and 13 in the lower). The upper teeth are triangular with slanted cusps, while the bottom teeth have narrower, erect cusps. The tooth serrations are larger in the upper jaw than in the lower. The first dorsal fin is medium-sized, and no ridge runs between the second dorsal fin and it. The pectoral fins are narrow and falcate (sickle-shaped).

蓝鳍鲹、黑尻鲹、黄臂鲹，甘仔鱼

The bluefin trevally is a large fish, growing to a maximum known length of 117 cm and a weight of 43.5 kg, however it is rare at lengths greater than 80 cm. It is similar in shape to a number of other large jacks and trevallies, having an oblong, compressed body with the dorsal profile slightly more convex than the ventral profile, particularly anteriorly. This slight convexity leads to the species having a much more pointed snout than most other members of Caranx. The dorsal fin is in two parts, the first consisting of 8 spines and the second of 1 spine followed by 21 to 24 soft rays. The anal fin consists of 2 anteriorly detached spines followed by 1 spine and 17 to 20 soft rays.The pelvic fins contain 1 spine and 20 soft rays.The caudal fin is strongly forked, and the pectoral fins are falcate, being longer than the length of the head. The lateral line has a pronounced and moderately long anterior arch, with the curved section intersecting the straight section below the lobe of the second dorsal fin. The curved section of the lateral line contains 55-70 scales while the straight section contains 0 to 10 scales followed by 27 to 42 strong scutes. The chest is completely covered in scales. The upper jaw contains a series of strong outer canines with an inner band of smaller teeth, while the lower jaw contains a single row of widely spaced conical teeth. The species has 25 to 29 gill rakers in total and there are 24 vertebrae present.The eye is covered by a moderately weakly developed adipose eyelid, and the posterior extremity of the jaw is vertically under or just past the anterior margin of the eye.Despite their wide range, the only geographical variation in the species is the depth of the body in smaller specimens.

阔步鲹、黑鲹、甘仔鱼

Caranx lugubris, the black jack, black trevally, black kingfish, coal fish or black ulua, is a species of large ocean fish in the jack family Carangidae. The species has a circumtropical distribution, found in oceanic, offshore waters of the tropical zones of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The species is particularly prevalent around offshore islands such as the Caribbean islands in the Atlantic, Hawaii and French Polynesia in the Pacific and the Seychelles and Maldives in the Indian Ocean. Black jack are rare in shallow waters, preferring deep reefs, ledges and seamounts in clear waters. The species is easily distinguished by its black to grey fins and jet black scutes, with the head having a steep profile near the snout. The largest recorded length is 1 m and weight of 17.9 kg. The black jack lives either individually or in small schools, and is known to school with other species. It is a predatory fish, taking a variety of fish, crustaceans and molluscs as prey. Sexual maturity is reached at 34.6 cm in females and 38.2 cm in males, with spawning taking place between February and September in the Caribbean. The early life history of the species is very poorly understood. Black jack are of high importance to many island fisheries, but are rarely encountered in most continental fisheries. The species has a reputation as a gamefish, and is variably considered a terrible or excellent food fish, although several cases of ciguatera poisoning have been attributed to the species. The species was initially named Caranx ascensionis by Georges Cuvier, however several issues with the use of this name have seen Felipe Poey’s name Caranx lugubris become the valid scientific name.

珍鲹、白面弄鱼、浪人鲹、牛港鲹、牛港瓜仔、牛公瓜仔、流氓瓜仔

The giant trevally is the largest member of the genus Caranx, and the fifth-largest member of the family Carangidae (exceeded by the yellowtail amberjack, greater amberjack, leerfish and rainbow runner), with a recorded maximum length of 170 cm and a weight of 80 kg. Specimens this size are very rare, with the species only occasionally seen at lengths greater than 80 cm. It appears the Hawaiian Islands contain the largest fish, where individuals over 100 lbs are common. Elsewhere in the world, only three individuals over 100 lbs have been reported to the IGFA.

大西洋白斑章鱼，白斑章鱼，草章鱼、草天窗

Callistoctopus macropus grows to a mantle length of 20 cm (8 in) with a total length of 150 cm (59 in). The first pair of arms are a metre or so long, and are much longer than the remaining three pairs. The arms are all connected by a shallow web. This octopus is red, with white blotches on its body, and paired white spots on its arms. When it is disturbed, its colour becomes more intense, deimatic behaviour which may make it appear threatening to a potential predator.

红章

This is an unusual octopus species, active only at night. It can be found on sandy and rubble areas, areas with a seaweed cover or on rocky and coral reefs. It has a reddish brown colour and when agitated, white star-like spots appear all over its body which is its only possible colour change. It is poorly known and quite rare. It can be found on sand, seaweed and rubble and is only active at night. The common name comes from the numerous small white spots that are scattered over the body and arms. It is also very fast-moving.

勃氏鳗海龙

Bulbonaricus brauni (Braun’s pughead pipefish) is a species of marine fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is found in the Eastern Indian Ocean, from Indonesia to Western Australia, and off the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. It lives among coral reefs at depths of 1-10m, and can grow to lengths of 5.5 cm. This species is ovoviviparous, with the males carrying eggs in a brood pouch until they hatch. The specific name honours “the collector” Mr J. Braun who brought the living holotype to the Western Australia Museum

勇氏珊瑚虾虎鱼 、 颏突珊瑚虾虎鱼

The whip coral goby has a semi-transparent head and body, with white scales running along its vertebra. Its head is reddish-brown to violet in color and the goby has pink to violet-red eyes. Their coloration is noted to match the color of the coral they inhabit. The fish is approximately 3 to 3.5 centimeters long. Healthy whip coral gobies have seven dorsal spines, seven dorsal soft rays, one anal spine and seven anal soft rays. They also have cup-like pelvic fins and gills that open below the base of the pectoral fins.

红眼珊瑚虾虎鱼 、 漂游珊瑚虾虎鱼

Bryaninops natans, known commonly as the redeye goby, is a species of marine fish in the family Gobiidae.

The redeye goby is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area, including Red Sea.

B. natans is a small size that can reach a maximum size of 2.5 cm length.

狭鳃珊瑚鰕虎鱼

Bryaninops amplus, known commonly as the large whip goby or white-line seawhip goby, is a species of marine fish in the family Gobiidae.

The white-line seawhip goby is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area, including Hawaii but not the Red Sea.

亨氏短体鳗、亨氏短体蛇鳗

It is a marine, tropical eel which is known from the Indo-Pacific. It dwells at a depth range of 1 to 35 m (3.3–114.8 ft), and inhabits burrows formed in sandy areas in rocky and coral reefs. During the night it often lets its head and neck protrude from its burrow, but during the day it only leaves its snout and some of its head exposed. It can reach a maximum total length of 101 cm (3 ft 4 in).

杰克逊短革单棘鲀

The fish is a small leatherjacket with a round, almost circular body, growing to a maximum of 9 centimetres (3.5 in). They are able to inflate their abdomen.

Colouration is highly variable, ranging from pale yellow-brown to dark green, and with numerous dark and light stripes, spots or ocelli.Colouration of a single fish can change during the courtship process.

孔雀鲆

Bothus lunatus has a laterally flattened body and orientates itself so that its right side is underneath and its left side is uppermost. Both eyes are on this upper surface and project on short thick stalks. The body shape is rounded and the dorsal and anal fins nearly surround the body. The former has 92 to 99 soft rays and the latter 71 to 76. The pectoral fins are long and often erect. An average adult length is about 35 cm (14 in), with a maximum length of 46 cm (18 in). The upper surface of this flounder is some shade between grey, brown and tan with small blue spots and circular blue markings, the head and fins also being spotted and speckled with blue. There are two or three rather diffuse dark patches on the lateral line. The fish can vary its background colour to make it closely resemble that of its surroundings and thus camouflage itself as it lies on the seabed. Fish in this genus are able to change their colouring in two to eight seconds.

隆头鹦哥鱼、驼峰大鹦嘴鱼，鹦哥

The green humphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum) is the largest species of parrotfish, growing to lengths of 1.5 m (4.9 ft) and weighing up to 75 kg (165 lb).

It is found on reefs in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, from the Red Sea in the west to Samoa in the east, and from the Yaeyama Islands in the north to the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, in the south.

网纹普提鱼、网纹狐鲷

Bodianus dictynna, is a species of wrasse native to tropical and warm temperate waters of the Western Pacific, from the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago east to Tonga, as far north as Japan and as far south as Australia. It is most frequently recorded in association with living coral reefs and the juvenile fish usually occur near black coral and gorgonians, although they sometimes are found in caves near the ceiling. It feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates such as molluscs and crustaceans. The juveniles regularly behave as cleaner fish, removing parasites from other fish. The specific name dictynna is an alternative name for Diana, the Roman goddess of hunting, and refers to the close relationship between this species and Bodianus diana of the Indian Ocean, and a proposed common name of Pacific Diana’s pigfish also reflects this relationship.

褐拟鳞鲀、 绿拟鳞鲀、胡麻皮剥鲀、黄褐炮弹、剥皮鱼、褐拟板机鲀

The titan triggerfish, giant triggerfish or moustache triggerfish (Balistoides viridescens) is a large species of triggerfish found in lagoons and at reefs to depths of 50 m (160 ft) in most of the Indo-Pacific, though it is absent from Hawaii. With a length of up to 75 centimetres (30 in), it is the largest species of triggerfish in its range (the stone triggerfish, Pseudobalistes naufragium, from the east Pacific is larger).

花斑拟鳞鲀、圆斑拟鳞鲀、花斑皮剥鲀，小丑炮弹、花斑拟板机鲀

The clown triggerfish is a fish which grows up to 50 cm. Its body has a stocky appearance, oval shape and compressed laterally. The head is large and represents approximately one third of the body length. The mouth is small, terminal and has strong teeth.

海月水母

Aurelia aurita (also called the common jellyfish, moon jellyfish, moon jelly or saucer jelly) is a widely studied species of the genus Aurelia. All species in the genus are closely related, and it is difficult to identify Aurelia medusae without genetic sampling; most of what follows applies equally to all species of the genus. The most common method used to identify the species consists of selecting a jellyfish from a harbour using a device, usually a drinking glass and then photographing the subject. This means that they can be released in to the harbour shortly afterwards and return to their natural habitat.

中华管口鱼、 海龙须、牛鞭、篦箭柄

Aulostomus chinensis is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 80 cm in length. Its body is elongated and compressed laterally, with a long, tubular snout which has a small barbel at its inferior extremity. The protusible mouth can be extended forward to catch prey. On the top posterior part of the body, the dorsal fin is composed of two parts, the first anterior is a set of isolated spines and the second is a small ray fin. This latter fin is similar in shape to the anal fin which is just under. The pelvic fins are located in the middle of the body and are small, with one basal black spot.

稻氏盾齿鳚、稻氏盾齿鳚丝尾盾齿鳚，丝尾盾齿鳚

Aspidontus dussumieri, the lance blenny or Dussumier’s blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.The specific name honours the French explorer and merchant Jean-Jacques Dussumier (1792-1883).

白栉鳞鳎

Aseraggodes is a genus of soles native to the Indian and Pacific oceans. These small flatfishes are poisonous.

星斑叉鼻鲀

Arothron stellatus is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 120 cm (47 in) in length. Its body is oval shaped, spherical and relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales but is prickly. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric, and located at the rear end of the body. The head is large with a short snout that has two pairs of nostrils, and the mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.

黑斑叉鼻鲀、 狗头、污点河鲀

Arothron nigropunctatus is a small sized fish which grows up to 33 cm (1 ft) length. Its body is oval shape, spherical and relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric and located at the end of the body. Its snout is short with two pairs of nostrils and its mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.

条纹叉鼻鲀

Arothron mappa is a medium sized fish which grows up to 65 cm length. Its body is oval shape, spherical yet relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric and located at the end of the body. Its snout is short with two pairs of nostrils and its mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.

菲律宾叉鼻鲀、黑线气规、条纹河鲀、规仔

Arothron manilensis is a small sized fish which grows up to 31 cm length. Its body is oval shape, spherical et relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric and located at the end of the body. Its snout is short with two pairs of nostrils and its mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.

纹腹叉鼻鲀、白点河鲀、乌规、花规、绵规

The white-spotted puffer (Arothron hispidus) is a medium to large-sized puffer fish, it can reach 50 cm length. It is light grey in color, or greyish or yellowish, and clearly covered with more or less regular white points, that become concentric contrasting white and dark grey lines that radiate around the eyes and pectoral fins. The ventral part is white. The “shoulder” (around the pectoral fins) is dark. It also has concentric contrasting white and dark grey lines that radiate around the eyes and pectoral fins.

青斑叉鼻鲀、蓝点叉鼻鲀、气规、规仔

Arothron caeruleopunctatus is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 80 cm length. Its body is oval shape, spherical et relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric and located at the end of the body. Its snout is short with two pairs of nostrils and its mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.

条纹躄鱼、五脚虎、娃娃鱼

This small fish grows up to 22 cm (8.7 in) long. Like other members of its family, it has a rounded, extensible body, and its soft skin is covered with irregularly-arranged dermal spinules resembling hairs. Its large mouth is forwardly extensible, allowing it to swallow prey as large as itself. The coloring of its body is extremely variable because individual fish tend to match their living environments. Frogfishes have the capacity to change coloration and pigment pattern, taking only a few weeks to adapt. The dominant coloration varies from yellow to brownish-orange, passing through a range of shades, but it can also be green, gray, brown, almost white, or even completely black without any pattern. Body and fins can be marked with roughly parallel dark stripes or elongated blotches, some with rays radiating outward from the eye.

白斑躄（bì）鱼,皮屑躄魚,絨冠躄魚,五脚虎、娃娃鱼、青蛙鱼，皮屑躄鱼

The painted frogfish grows up to 30 cm (12 in) long. Like other members of its family, it has a globulous, extensible body, with soft skin is covered with small dermal spinules. Its skin is covered partially with few, small, wart-like protuberances, some variably shaped, scab-like blotches and many small eye spots (ocelli) which look like sponges holes. Its large prognathous mouth allows it to consume prey its same size.

大斑躄鱼、 五脚虎、青蛙鱼

The warty frogfish grows up to 15 cm (5.9 in) long. Like other members of its family, it has a globulous, extensible body, and its soft skin is covered with small dermal spinules. The skin is covered with numerous small, wart-like protuberances. Its large prognathous mouth allows it to consume prey its same size. The coloring of its body is extremely variable because it tends to match its living environment.

康氏躄鱼、五脚虎

Commerson’s frogfish grows up to 38 cm (15 in). Like other members of its family, it has a globular, extensible body. The soft skin is covered with small dermal spinules. Its skin is partially covered with a few small, wartlike protuberances, some variably shaped, scab-like blotches, and a few, small eye spots (ocelli) reminiscent of the holes in sponges. Its large mouth is prognathous, allowing it to consume prey as large as itself. Their coloration is extremely variable, as they tend to match their environments. Frogfish can change their coloration in a few weeks. However, the dominant coloration goes from grey to black, passing through a whole range of related hues, such as cream, pink, yellow, red, and brown, and also usually with circular eye spots or blotches that are darker than the background. Juvenile specimens can easily be confused with related Antennarius maculatus and Antennarius pictus. To distinguish these species, A. maculatus usually has red or orange margins on all fins, while A. maculatus has numerous warts on the skin, and A. pictus is covered with ocelli. A. pictus has three eye spots on its caudal fin.

青斑阿南鱼、青点鹦鲷、萤斑阿南鱼、青斑龙、青衣、青威

The blue-spotted wrasse, Anampses caeruleopunctatus, is a species of wrasse found from the Atlantic coast of South Africa through the Indian Ocean to Japan and Australia east to Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean (though absent from Hawaii). This species is found at depths from 3 to 30 m (9.8 to 98.4 ft), with the adults preferring the surge zone on coral reefs or along rocky coastlines. Juveniles orient their bodies and move in such a way as to resemble floating leaves. This species can reach a length of 42 cm (17 in). It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade.

粉红海葵鱼，颈环双锯鱼，粉红小丑、咖啡小丑

The body of A. perideraion is pink to peach. It has the white stripe along the dorsal ridge that is common to all members of the skunk complex and a white head bar running vertically just behind the eye. While the largest species of anemonefish can reach a length of 18 cm (7.1 in), A. perideraion is one of the smallest species, with females growing to a length of 10 cm (3.9 in).

眼斑双锯鱼、 眼斑海葵鱼、 公子小丑鱼、 公主小丑鱼

The common clownfish is a small fish which grows up to 11 cm (4.3 inches). Its body has a stocky appearance and oval shape. It is compressed laterally, with a round profile. The coloration of its body is orange to reddish-brown, but it can also be black in some particular areas such as the Northern Territory in Australia.It has three vertical white stripes outlined with a fine black line. The first passes just behind the eye, the second in the middle of the body widens forward to the head centrally and the third one circles the caudal peduncle. All the fins are also outlined with a fine black line. A. ocellaris is often confused with Amphiprion percula, which possesses exactly the same colours and patterns at first sight but distinguishes itself by the thickness of the black outlines. Additionally, A. ocellaris has a taller dorsal fin, and typically possesses 11 dorsal-fin spines vs. 10 spines in Amphiprion percula.

黑双锯鱼

A. melanopus adults can grow to 12 cm (4.7 inches). The body of A. melanopus is a dark red to orange with mahogany sides. Juveniles and adults have a white head band, which is wide and starts behind the eye, which may gave a blue tint. The dorsal and caudal fins of the fish have a lighter color than the rest of the fish and can sometimes be a cinnamon color. The pelvic and anal fins are usually black.

克氏双锯鱼、克氏海葵鱼、三带双锯齿盖鱼

Clark’s anemonefish is a small-sized fish which grows up to 10 cm as a male and 15 cm as a female.It is stocky, laterally compressed, and oval to rounded.

It is colorful, with vivid black, white, and yellow stripes, though the exact pattern shows considerable geographical variation. Usually it is black dorsally and orange-yellow ventrally, the black areas becoming wider with age. There are two vertical white bands, one behind the eye and one above the anus, and the caudal peduncle is white. The snout is orange or pinkish. The dorsal and caudal fins are orange-yellow, and the caudal fin is generally lighter in tone than the rest of the body, sometimes becoming whitish.

条纹蛸

The main body of the octopus is normally 8 centimeters (3 in) long and including the arms, approximately 15 centimeters (6 in) long. The octopus displays a typical color pattern with dark ramified lines similar to veins, usually with a yellow siphon. The arms are usually dark in color, with contrasting white suckers. In many color displays, a lighter trapezoidal area can be seen immediately below the eye.

短头钝雀鲷、 厚壳仔

It’s a small size fish that can reach a maximum size of 8,5 cm length.

尾斑钝鰕虎鱼

Amblygobius phalaena, the Sleeper Banded goby, white-barred goby, is a species of goby native to tropical reefs of the western Pacific Ocean and through the central Indo-Pacific area at depths of from 2 to 20 metres (6.6 to 65.6 ft). This species feeds by taking in mouthfuls of sand and sifting out algae, invertebrates and other organic matter. It can reach a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) TL. It is also of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can also be found in the aquarium trade.

拟态革鲀 、 长尾革单棘鲀

Aluterus scriptus is a medium size fish which can grow up to 110 cm (3.6 ft) in length. The body shape looks like an elongated oval, strongly compressed. Its background body coloration is olive-brown or grey depending on its surrounding environment, irregular blue lines and spots are distributed on the body mixed with some black spots mainly on the head. The colors may quickly vary depending on background similar to an octopus’s. Fish observed in the Virgin Islands might lie flat on the sand and become pure white or change to any of the other representative colors. The mouth is small and at the end of its pointed snout. Like all the Tetraodontiformes, it has no pelvic fin but has two particular dorsal spines; the first anterior one is long, slender and erectile, located just over the eyes, the second is small and not easy to see but it locks the first one when it is erected.[3] The rounded caudal fin is quite long and can be displayed as a fan.

细尾长尾鲨、狐形长尾鲨、狐鲛

The common thresher is a fairly robust shark with a torpedo-shaped trunk and a short, broad head. The dorsal profile of the head curves evenly down to the pointed, conical snout. The eyes are moderately large and lack nictitating membranes. The small mouth is arched and, unlike in other thresher sharks, has furrows at the corners. The species has 32-53 upper and 25-50 lower tooth rows; the teeth are small, triangular, and smooth-edged, lacking lateral cusplets. The five pairs of gill slits are short, with the fourth and fifth pairs located over the pectoral fin bases.

条纹鰕鱼、甲香鱼、玻璃鱼、刀片鱼

The razorfish is easily identifiable due to its particular body shape as well as its way of moving in synchrone group head down. It is a small fish with a maximum size of 15 cm (5.9 in) long, its body is stretched ending by a long fine “beak”. Its fins are considerably reduced and transparent. The dorsal surface of the razorfish is covered by protective bony plates. They extend past the end of the body and over the tail fin, which terminates in a sharp spine. A black to brown median band runs the length of the fish crossing also the eyes. The color of the body is variable with the habitat. In seagrass environment, the background color of the body can be greenish-yellow with light brown stripes. In open areas like sand patch, rubble or close to coral reef, then the body coloration occurs to be light silver with a black to brown stripe. There is no known sexual dimorphism.

黄翼刺尾鱼、黄鳍刺尾鲷、黄鳍刺尾鱼，粗皮仔

e yellowfin surgeonfish ranges in length to 70 cm (28 in). It has eight or 9 dorsal spines, 25-27 dorsal soft rays, three anal spines, 23-25 anal soft rays, and 16-24 anterior and 17-22 posterior gill rakers.

Its body is purplish gray. It has a region of dull yellow in front of its eye. The outer third of its pectoral fin is yellow, the extreme distal part is hyaline. Its dorsal and anal fins are yellowish grey basally and dull yellow distally. Its caudal fin is purplish and the caudal spine is small.

黄尾刺尾鱼

Acanthurus thompsoni is a tropical fish found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It is commonly known as the Thompson’s surgeonfish. It is commercial in aquarium use.

日本刺尾鱼、 日本刺尾鲷、花倒吊，粗皮鱼

Acanthurus japonicus is a tang from the Indo-West Pacific. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 21 cm in length. It is also known as Japan surgeonfish, white-faced surgeonfish, gold rim tang, powder brown tang and white-nose surgeonfish.

帆鳍鲉、背带长绒鲉、钝顶鲉、济公

This fish can be up to 6 inches (15 cm) in length. The body compressed laterally, endowed with a dorsal fin starting from the top of the head until joining practically the superior base of the caudal fin. When the dorsal fin is spread, it looks like a crest resembling the one on a cockatoo. The thorns of the dorsal fin are venomous. This fish mostly stays on the substratum and moves by means of its pectoral fins. Its color varies from cream to dark brown, with irregular spots.

济公鱼、长棘长绒鲉、大棘帆鳍鲉、狮子鱼、黑虎

Ablabys macracanthus, also known as the spiny waspfish or as the spiny leaf-fish in Indonesia, is a Waspfish of the genus Ablabys that inhabits the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans.

The spiny waspfish is a primarily reef-dwelling fish, living at a depth of 1 to 20 meters below the surface.It lives at tropical latitudes (25 to 8 degrees north latitude).