海蛇尾

Brittle stars or ophiuroids are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomotion. The ophiuroids generally have five long, slender, whip-like arms which may reach up to 60 cm (24 in) in length on the largest specimens. They are also known as serpent stars; the New Latin class name Ophiuroidea is derived from the Ancient Greek ὄφις, meaning “serpent”.

面包海星、馒头海星

A mature C. novaeguineae is pentagonal to subglobose in shape with an inflated appearance and much-abbreviated arms. It can grow to a diameter of 30 cm (12 in). Rows of tube feet are on the underside, and it has a central mouth. The colour is very variable and includes a mottling with darker and lighter shades of fawn, brown, orange, yellow and green. The armoured body wall is made of calcareous ossicles which are supported internally by pillars which buttress the ambulacra. The armouring contains pits into which the tube feet can be retracted. The body cavity is filled with water. On the dorsal face, they can be covered with small conical tubercles, as well inside as outside of papular areas.

白星宝螺、卵黄宝贝

The shells of these very common cowries reach on average 35–45 millimetres (1.4–1.8 in) of length, with a minimum size of 20 millimetres (0.79 in) and a maximum size of 100 millimetres (3.9 in). The shape is usually pear-shaped, the dorsum surface is smooth and shiny and may be pale or dark brown, with several small white spots. The margins and the extremities are clearer, while the base is generally white, with a wide sinuous aperture and long labial teeth. The margins show also numerous thin vertical whitish lines. The juvenile forms have two-three clearer trasversal bands on the shell dorsum. These shells are quite similar and may be confused with the shells of Lyncina camelopardalis. In the living cowries the mantle is grey-brown and almost transparent, with long whitish tree-shaped papillae. Mantle and foot are very well developed, usually with external antennae.

黑绒海蜗牛,黑海菇螺

The color of the body may vary from uniformly velvety black to brown. The mantle is broadly tuberculate. The borders of the mantle are delicate, notched in front and spreading out widely. The foot is small and oval. There are four or five lobes or bosses on the dorsal part of its body. There is an inhalant siphon extended in the middle of the front part of the body.The tentacles are triangular, granulated and are spotted with white.There are brown eyes at the base of the tentacles. The front part of the foot is grooved. There is a jaw and a radula with 48 teeth in the mouth. The body length is usually about 80 mm. The body length varies from 15–18 mm up to 10 cm. The width of the body is 8–10 mm (in body length 15–18 mm).

豹纹虾

Laomenes pardus is a shrimp species from the Palaemonidae family. The scientific name of the species was first validly published in 2009 by Marin.

白棘三列海胆

Collector urchins are dark in color, usually bluish-purple with white spines. The pedicles are also white, with a dark or black base. Individuals found at Green Island had orange-tipped spines. The spines of some specimens are wholly orange, while those of others are only orange-tipped or completely white. This color disappears when the individual dies or is taken out of the ocean, and is difficult to preserve. Collector urchins reach 10 to 15 centimetres (4 to 6 in) in size. Debris tends to “collect” on these urchins, hence their name.

板岩铅笔海胆

Eucidaris thouarsii, the slate pencil urchin, is a species of cidaroid sea urchins that inhabits littoral regions of the East Pacific Ocean.

刺冠海胆、魔鬼海胆、海须、海针、岩隐子

As a member of the class Echinoidea, the anatomy of Diadema setosum is that of a typical sea urchin. All of the animal’s internal organs are enclosed within the spherical, black test that is essentially the body of the organism. However, the body is not perfectly spherical – Diadema tests are slightly dorso-ventrally compressed. Protruding outwards from the central body are the long spines iconic of a sea urchin’s appearance. Like the other members of the family Diadematidae, the spines of D. setosum are extremely long and narrow in proportion to its body. The spines, often black but sometimes brown-banded, are hollow and contain a mild venom. D. setosum can be distinguished from other species in the genus Diadema by the presence of five white spots on the animal’s test, strategically located between the urchin’s ambulacral grooves.

长刺海胆

Diadema paucispinum is a small sea urchin with very long, moveable spines which are slender and sharply pointed. They can be up to 25 cm (10 in) long and about four times the diameter of the test. The primary spines are bluish-black in colour, often with pale bands in younger individuals. The shorter secondary ones are brittle and venomous and easily break off in the skin. There are photosensitive spots in the urchin’s epidermis and if a shadow falls on the animal, it angles its secondary spines towards the intruder. These can cause a painful sting if they come into contact with bare skin. Near the apex of the test is a clearly visible anus surrounded by an orange ring and raised on a small projection. Radiating from this are five narrow, bright blue lines.

长砗磲

Bivalves have two valves on the mantle. These siphon water through the body to extract oxygen from the water using the gills and to feed on algae. The maxima is less than one-third the size of the true giant clam (Tridacna gigas).

牡蛎

Pterelectroma physoides, commonly known as The Zebra Wingshell, can be found attached to various marine growths, and including whip corals, hydroids, black corals and bryozoans. Pterelectroma physoides which exhibits protective coloration for lifing on alcyonarian.

Few cm in size. White background with brown lines, hence its zebra’name. This shell may easily be overlooked.

格皮氏海参

Pearsonothuria graeffei is a roughly cylindrical, thin-walled sea cucumber that grows to about 30 centimetres (12 in) in length. Its mouth, at one end, is surrounded by a ring of up to 24 leaf-like, paddle-shaped tentacles with black stalks which are black on the upper side and white beneath. The anus is at the other end of the body and there are several rows of tube feet along the underside. The colour of the adults is pale brown and white, with black speckles and small thorn-like protuberances.

洞穴海参

Phyllophoridae is a family of sea cucumbers, marine invertebrates with elongated bodies, leathery skins and feeding tentacles.

Members of the family are characterised by a complex ring of calcareous ossicles arranged in a tube, making a mosaic pattern. The tentacles number ten to twenty-five. Some members have spindle-shaped bodies whilst others are buried in the substrate and adopt a U-shaped form.

皮尔斯利美丽海蛞蝓

Tubulophilinopsis pilsbryi can be easily identified by its colour pattern.The background colour is translucent white/tan with a pattern of black/brown reticulate lines. In some specimens the lines are relatively thin. Let me quote Bill Rudman: “The colour pattern though is very variable and runs through to animals which could best be described as being black dorsally with white spots.”

皮卡丘海兔

This species feeds exclusively on bryozoans (moss animals).

白皮卡丘海兔

This species feeds on Bryozoan (Moss animals).Thecacera picta lives on sand and rubble bottom.There are several color variations and various patterns of this nudibranch.

迷幻腹翼海蛞蝓、 天鹅海蛞蝓

Feed on the Sponge Dysidea cf herbacea.

赫格叶海蛞蝓

This species feeds only on sponges.

蘑菇珊瑚海蛞蝓

Reticulidia fungiayellow is black ,white and yellow in clolour.This species feeds on sponges.Similar is R.halgerda.

未知

The body is a granular blue-grey with black longitunal stripes.Rhinophores are black. Phyllidiopsis annae can found to depth about 15 meters.This species feeds on sponges.

Very similar are Phyllidiopsis striata and Phyllidiopsis sphingis (differ in body colour and the colour of the rhinophores).

突丘小叶海蛞蝓

Although this nudibranch changes appearance as it grows, three median clusters of (usually) pink tubercles remain the same, except that they are amalgamated in juveniles and separated in large animals. These tubercles can range in color from pink to green to white. The intensity of the pink coloration and green-grey tones may possibly be related to diet, and the length of time since last feeding. Other distinguishing features are the pale pink edge of the mantle, the broad, triangular, black tipped oral tentacles and the rhinophoral clavus possessing 22 to 26 lamellae (in specimens greater than 35 mm).

古怪叶海蛞蝓

This nudibranch has a black dorsum with tall white-capped tubercles with pink or grey bases. These tubercles are in groups of 2-4 on the middle of the back, with smaller, single tubercles towards the edge of the mantle. The rhinophores are black.

媚眼叶海麒麟

This animal can measure up to 35 mm in length. It has been confused with Phyllidia japonica, Phyllidia multituberculata and Phyllidia undula and a number of other species by most workers.This nudibranch has an orange-brown dorsum interrupted by large white or grey, compound, stalked tubercles. These tubercles are distributed along a line from between the rhinophores to the tail, with more scattered and mostly smaller tubercles towards the mantle edge. There are four black rings surrounding tubercles which are placed symmetrically in the middle region of the back. Large individuals may have two more black patches towards the tail, or two more tubercles surrounded by black rings. A single tubercle in front of the rhinophores is also surrounded by a black ring. The rhinophores are orange-yellow.

华美叶海蛞蝓

Phyllidia elegans is characterized by the pale bluish granular background colour and black swirls on the mantle, and by yellowish-orange spots.

Phyllidia elegans is known from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Andaman Sea, Myanmar, the Red Sea, the Mariana Islands, north Sulawesi, Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea.

天体叶海蛞蝓

Phyllidia coelestis occours in the Indo-West Pacific, the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean to South Africa.This species can be found in lagoons and reefs up to 30 m depth.Its diurnal.Celestial Phyllidia feeds on sponges.

未知

The body is pink with a network of broad black lines and opaque white tubercles.

Paradoris liturata mimic perfectly phyllidiid sea slugs Phyllidiella pustulosa).It is difficulty to identifiy as Paradoris liturata,its only for experts.Paradoris liturata can retract its gills to mimic to P. pustulosa.

庫巴雅納多角海蛞蝓

The variable neon slug feeds on ascidians and has been observed feeding on the green-ringed ascidian, Sigillina signifera

鸡冠多角海蛞蝓

It feeds on a green compound ascidian.

烙印盘海蛞蝓、 烟囱壶型海蛞蝓

Jorunna funebris, common name the dotted nudibranch, is a large species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marinegastropodmollusc in the family Discodorididae.

信实多彩海麒麟

Goniobranchus fidelis can reach more than 25 mm (0.98 in) in length.The foot of the animal is cream in color; it is elongate and is almost covered by the edges of the wide mantle. The more central part of the mantle has a creamy-white area with scalloped edges, whereas the entire wide margin of the mantle is orange or red. Where the two differently coloured areas meet, there is a burgundy-colored border which varies in width from one animal to the other. The rhinophores are laminated, contractile and greyish in color with lighter colour at the tip. The shade of grey varies from one individual to another. The gills are the same colour as the rhinophores and they are retractable.

绵羊海兔

Costasiella usagi occurs in the tropical western pacific. The colour is higly variable (grren, greyish). Rhinophores with black tipps.

This species feeds on the algae Avrainvilla a fan algae.

乔希海蛞蝓

Reaching 60 mm in length, Chromodoris joshi is yellow with three black stripes on its mantle. The marginal band fades from dark golden yellow at the edge, to a buttery yellow. It is covered with white flecks. The rhinophores and gills are a pumpkin orange.

伊莉莎白多彩海麒麟

Chromodoris elisabethina can reach a maximum size of 50 cm (20 in) length. The body is elongate with a foot which is distinct from the upper body by a skirt like mantle partially hiding the foot. The branched gills and the rhinophores are orange to yellow and can be withdrawn into pockets under the skin in case of danger.

黛安娜多彩海蛞蝓

Chromodoris dianae can reach a maximum size of 4 cm length. The body is elongate with a foot which is distinct from the upper body by a skirt like mantle partially hiding the foot. This species is very similar in appearance to Chromodoris lochi although it can be distinguished from the latter by the broken black lines, (as opposed to continuous) and the sprinkling of white specks on the notum.Chromodoris dianae has white gills and rhinophores with distinct yellow-orange tips. The original description includes animals which belong to another species (Chromodoris cf. dianae) which are distinguished by a colour pattern which includes gills and rhinophores orange throughout, orange markings at the edge of the mantle and a different pattern of black markings; confirmed as species level differences by DNA sequences

黛安娜多彩海蛞蝓

Chromodoris dianae can reach a maximum size of 4 cm length. The body is elongate with a foot which is distinct from the upper body by a skirt like mantle partially hiding the foot. This species is very similar in appearance to Chromodoris lochi although it can be distinguished from the latter by the broken black lines, (as opposed to continuous) and the sprinkling of white specks on the notum.Chromodoris dianae has white gills and rhinophores with distinct yellow-orange tips. The original description includes animals which belong to another species (Chromodoris cf. dianae) which are distinguished by a colour pattern which includes gills and rhinophores orange throughout, orange markings at the edge of the mantle and a different pattern of black markings; confirmed as species level differences by DNA sequences

蓝天鹅绒海蛞蝓

This cephalaspidean is widespread in the tropical waters of the Indo-west Pacific region. Chelidonura varians feeds on flatworms and it is used in aquariums to eradicate small flat worm invasions.

迷人燕尾海蛞蝓

The lightest colour form has a background colour of white with the grey-black reticulate pattern restricted to the dorsal surface of the headshield and posterior shield, and to the small sections of the parapodia which fold over the dorsal surface of the body.

安汶彩带鳗、 黑身管鼻鯙、 大口管鼻鯙、 五彩鳗

The ribbon eel (Rhinomuraena quaesita), also known as the leaf-nosed moray eel or bernis eel, is a species of moray eel, the only member of the genus Rhinomuraena. What is now known as R. quaesita also includes the former R. amboinensis. R. quaesita was used for blue ribbon eels and R. amboinensis for black ribbon eels, but these are now recognized as the same species. The ribbon eel is found in lagoons and reefs in the Indo-Pacific ocean, ranging from East Africa to southern Japan, Australia and French Polynesia. This species is widely distributed and is frequently seen by divers in Indonesian waters with their heads and anterior bodies protruding from crevices in sand and rubble habitats from very shallow to about 60 m. Although generally placed in the moray eel family Muraenidae, it has several distinctive features leading some to place it in its own family, Rhinomuraenidae.

黑鳍蛇鳗、 高鳍蛇鳗

The highfin snake eel Ophichthus altipennis, also known as the blackfin snake eel or the black-finned snake eel, is an eel in the family Ophichthidae.It was described by Johann Jakob Kaup in 1856, originally under the genus Microdonophis. It is a marine, tropical eel known from the eastern Indian Ocean and northwestern and western central Pacific Ocean, including Australia, French Polynesia, Indonesia, Japan, the Marshall Islands, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Papua New Guinea. It dwells at a depth range of 0 to 40 m (0 to 131 ft),and forms burrows in soft inshore sand sediments. Males can reach a maximum total length of 103 cm (41 in).

黄边海鳗，黄边裸胸鳝、 黄边鳍裸胸鯙，薯鳗、钱鳗

The yellow-edged moray (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) is a moray eel of the family Muraenidae, found in the Indo-Pacific Oceans at depths to 495 ft. (150 m). Its length is up to 7.87 feet (240 cm). This moray eel was recently identified as natural predator of the lionfish Pterois miles in its native habitat in the Red Sea.

云纹蛇鳝、星带蝮鯙、云纹海鳝，薯鳗、钱鳗

The snowflake moray (Echidna nebulosa) also known as the clouded moray among many various vernacular names, is a species of marine fish of the family Muraenidae.

It is widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific area from the eastern coast of Africa throughout Micronesia including the Red Sea and Hawaii. The species is also found in the eastern Central Pacific from southern Baja California, Mexico, and from Costa Rica to northern Colombia.

镰鱼、 角镰鱼、角蝶鱼、神像鱼、神仙鱼

With distinctively compressed and disk-like bodies, Moorish idols stand out in contrasting bands of black, white, and yellow, which makes them attractive to aquarium keepers. The fish have relatively small fins, except for the dorsal fin, whose six or seven spines are dramatically elongated to form a trailing, sickle-shaped crest called the philomantis extension. Moorish idols have small terminal mouths at the end of long, tubular snouts; many long bristle-like teeth line the mouth. The Moorish idol differs from butterflyfish in having a prominent black, triangular anal fin.

灰三齿鲨、 三齿鲨、 白顶礁鲨、 白头礁鲨

A relatively small species, few whitetip reef sharks are longer than 1.6 m (5.2 ft). The maximum length this species attains is often given as 2.1 m (6.9 ft), though this was originally based on visual observations and may be dubious. The maximum reported weight is 18.3 kg (40 lb). The whitetip reef shark has a slim body and a short, broad head. The snout is flattened and blunt, with large flaps of skin in front of the nares that are furled into tubes. The eyes are small and oval with vertical pupils and prominent ridges above, and are often followed by a small notch. The mouth has a distinct downward slant (imparting a disgruntled expression to the shark), with short furrows at the corners. There are 42–50 tooth rows in the upper jaw and 42–48 tooth rows in the lower jaw. Each tooth has a single narrow, smooth-edged cusp at the center, flanked by a pair of much smaller cusplets.

黑斑条尾𫚉

The round ribbontail ray has a thick pectoral fin disc wider than it is long, with a smoothly rounded outer margin. The eyes are of medium size and are followed by larger spiracles. There is a short and broad curtain of skin between the oval nostrils, with a finely fringed trailing margin. The mouth is wide and curved, with faint furrows at the corners. There is a row of seven papillae on the floor, with the outermost pair smaller and set apart from the others. There are 37–46 tooth rows in the upper jaw and 39–45 tooth rows in the lower jaw. The teeth are small with a deep groove across the crown, and are arranged in a dense quincunx pattern into flattened surfaces.

剃刀鱼，细吻剃刀鱼

The ornate ghost pipefish or harlequin ghost pipefish, Solenostomus paradoxus, is a false pipefish of the family Solenostomidae. The species name comes from the Greek paradoxos, referring to this fish’s unusual external features. Ornate ghost pipefish are found in the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean along reef edges prone to strong currents from the Red Sea to Tonga. They reach a maximum length of 12 cm. They vary in color from red or yellow to black and are almost transparent. Although relatively common, ornate ghost pipefish are very well-camouflaged and difficult to find. It occurs either as solitary individuals or in pairs, among the branches of gorgonians, in floating weeds, or crinoids where the feed on mysids and small benthic shrimp.

眼带蓝子鱼、黄斑狐狸、 杂臭都鱼

The masked spinefoot (Siganus puellus), also known as decorated rabbitfish or masked rabbitfish, occurs in shallow, coral-rich areas of clear lagoons and seaward reefs of the Indo-West Pacific region at depths of 10 to 100 feet.

Its body is yellow-orange dorsally grading through pale blue to white below. The body is also covered with wavy blue lines that are vertical anteriorly and horizontal posteriorly. The eyes are masked by a prominent blackish stripe that extends from the bottom of the mouth to the top of the head. As the black stripe passes the eye it becomes spotted.

三色鹦嘴鱼

Scarus tricolor is a greenish parrotfish which normally shows pinkish or yellowish tints on the posterior portion of its body and a purplish band just inside the margin of each lobe of the caudal fin. The females are dark grey to almost black shading to blue to bluish-green on the lower flanks, with black edging to the scales, a red tail fin, an orange anal fin and sooty yellowish to orange pelvic fins. The terminal phase males are similar to those of Scarus forsteni, the most notable difference being that S. tricolor has a yellow inner pectoral axil.

长须狮子鱼，翱翔蓑鲉，魔鬼蓑鲉， 斑鳍蓑鲉

The red lionfish (Pterois volitans) is a venomouscoral reef fish in the familyScorpaenidae, orderScorpaeniformes. P. volitans is native to the Indo-Pacific region, but has become an invasive species in the Caribbean Sea, as well as along the East Coast of the United States and East Mediterranean. This and a similar species, Pterois miles, have both been deemed invasive species. Red lionfish are clad in white stripes alternated with red/maroon/brown stripes. Adults in this species can grow as large as 47 cm (18.5 in) in length, making it one of the largest species of lionfish in the ocean, while juveniles are typically shorter than 1 inch (2.5 cm). The average red lionfish lives around 10 years. As with many species within the family Scopaenidae, it has large, venomous spines that protrude from the body, similar to a mane, giving it the common name lionfish. The venomous spines make the fish inedible or deter most potential predators. Lionfish reproduce monthly and are able to quickly disperse during their larval stage for expansion of their invasive region. No definitive predators of the lionfish are known, and many organizations are promoting the harvest and consumption of lionfish in efforts to prevent further increases in the already high population densities.

瑰丽凹尾塘鳢、黑尾鳍塘鳢

Ptereleotris evides, the Blackfin dartfish, is a species of dartfish native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It is a reef inhabitant and can be found at depths of from 2 to 15 metres (6.6 to 49.2 ft). This species can reach a length of 14 centimetres (5.5 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.

主刺盖鱼，皇帝神仙鱼，皇后神仙鱼

Juveniles are dark blue with electric blue and white rings; adults have yellow and blue stripes, with black around the eyes. It takes about 24 to 30 months for an emperor angelfish to acquire its adult coloring. Full adult size is about 40 cm (15.75 in) in length

鳗鲇

Plotosus lineatus can reach a maximum length of 32 cm (13 in).The body is brown with cream-colored or white longitudinal bands.

The most striking feature of this species is in the fins, in fact the second dorsal, caudal and anal are fused together as in eels. In the rest of the body is quite similar to a freshwater catfish: the mouth is surrounded by four pairs of barbels, four on the upper jaw and four on the lower jaw. The first dorsal and each of the pectoral fins have a highly venomous spine. They may even be fatal.

东方石鲈、东方胡椒鲷、打铁婆、花身舅仔、六线妞妞

The Indian Ocean oriental sweetlips reach up to 72 cm (28 in) in SL. Juveniles are striped black. As they age, the stripes in the tail are replaced by black dots on a yellow background.

条纹胡椒鲷、条纹石鲈、斜带石鲈、斜纹胡椒鲷、花脸仔、打铁婆

Plectorhinchus lineata also known as the yellowbanded sweetlips, is a species of grunt which inhabits coral reefs of the western Pacific Ocean, where it occurs at depths from 1 to 35 m (3.3 to 114.8 ft). This species can reach 72 cm (28 in) in TL. It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade.

白带石鲈、白带胡椒鲷、厚嘴仔、打铁婆

Plectorhinchus albovittatus, the two-striped sweetlips, is a species of grunt native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. They occur in lagoons, reefs, or around seamounts. Juveniles live in turbid inshore and brackish waters. This species can reach 100 cm (39 in) SL. This species can be found in the aquarium trade.

尖翅燕鱼

Platax teira has a dark blotch under the pectoral fin, with another long dark mark above the base of the anal fin. Looked at from the side, it has a roughly circular body with a low hump on the nape. This fish is usually silver, grey or brownish. It has a blackish band through the eye and another band with the pectoral fin. They will change colour from silvery white with no bands, to brown with darker banding as you watch, and then fade back to silver again.

圆翅燕鱼 、弯鳍燕鱼、蝙蝠鱼、鲳仔、圆海燕、飞翼

As a juvenile it is blackish brown, or black with an orange stripe outlining its entire body. Adults become a dull silver. This fish grows to a maximum size of 45 cm (18 in).

短头跳岩鳚

Petroscirtes breviceps, the striped poison-fang blenny mimic, striped fangblenny mimic, short-head sabretooth blenny, short-headed blenny, sabretooth blenny, or the black-banded blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the western Pacific and Indian ocean. This species reaches a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) SL.

典范副短鰕虎、疣副叶鰕虎鱼

Paragobiodon is a genus of gobies native to reef habitats of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

米点箱鲀、白点箱鲀，花木瓜

Ostracion meleagris, the White-spotted boxfish, is a species of boxfish found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is found on reefs at depths of from 1 to 30 metres (3.3 to 98.4 ft). This species grows to a length of 25 centimetres (9.8 in) TL. Males and females differ in colour: males are blackish on the back with white spots, and have bluish sides with bright yellowish bands and spots. Females and juveniles are dark brown to blackish with white spots

丝尾鼻鱼、高鼻鱼、丝条盾尾鱼

This is a relatively large member of the Acanthuridae, easily reaching 60 centimeters. The adult has tall dorsal and anal fins, vertical blue lines on its sides, and small blue spots dorsally and ventrally. A broad blue band extends from the eyes to the prominent snout. The coloration of the juvenile is a dingy green with blue spots and lips, later turning deeper blue with purple markings. The fish turns mud-brown while sleeping or when frightened, a form of camouflage.

黑带稀棘鳚

Meiacanthus grammistes the striped blenny, also called the striped fang blenny, grammistes blenny, line-spot harptail blenny or striped poison-fang blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny from the western Pacific Ocean. The fish stays in the open ocean, but travels into shallow saltwater and brackish estuaries. This venomous species occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.

珊瑚礁鬼 蝠鲼 、阿氏前口蝠鲼、珊瑚礁鬼蝠鲼，魔鬼鱼、飞鲂仔、鹰鲂

The reef manta ray can grow to a disc size of up to 5 m (16 ft) but average size commonly observed is 3 to 3.5 m (11 ft). It is dorsoventrally flattened and has large, triangular pectoral fins on either side of the disc. At the front, it has a pair of cephalic fins which are forward extensions of the pectoral fins. These can be rolled up in a spiral for swimming or can be flared out to channel water into the large, forward-pointing, rectangular mouth when the animal is feeding. The eyes and the spiracles are on the side of the head behind the cephalic fins, and the 5 gill slits are on the ventral (under) surface. It has a small dorsal fin and the tail is long and whip-like. The manta ray does not have a spiny tail as do the closely related devil rays (Mobula spp). The color of the dorsal side is dark black to midnight blue with scattered whitish and greyish areas on top head. The ventral surface is white, sometimes with dark spots and blotches. The markings can often be used to recognise individual fish.Mobula alfredi is similar in appearance to Mobula birostris and the two species may be confused as their distribution overlaps. However, there are distinguishing features.

斑点羽鳃笛鲷、斑点笛鲷、琉球黑毛

The midnight snapper (Macolor macularis) is a marine fish native to the western Pacific Ocean.

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贝尔彻海蛇

The belcher’s sea snake is of moderate size, ranging from 0.5 to 1 meter (about 20–40 inches) in adult length. Its thin body is usually chrome yellowish in colour with dark greenish crossbands. The dorsal pattern does not extend onto the venter. The head is short and has bands of the same colours. Its mouth is very small but suitable for aquatic life. Its body, when viewed out of water, appears to have a faint yellow colour. Its scales are different from most other snakes in that they overlap each other. Each dorsal scale has a central tubercle. The body is strongly laterally compressed posteriorly. The ventral scales are very narrow, only slightly wider than the dorsal scales.

管海马、库达海马

The yellow seahorse is a small fish that can reach a length of 17–30 cm.

The body is quite large, elongated and has no spines, all bumps are rounded. The head is relatively large compared to the body. The snout is short and thick. The coronet is small and rises towards the rear, it can also sometimes have more or less long filaments. Some adults have a black line running through the dorsal fin in the direction of its width. The body coloration is often dark with a grainy texture but can also be yellow, cream or reddish with blotches and numerous small dark spots.

三带立旗鲷、金口马夫鱼，南洋关刀

The threeband pennantfish is a small-sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 18 cm.The body is laterally strongly flattened, with a basic white color and three broad oblique brown bands. The first dark brown band runs from the forehead up to the ventral fins, the second from the dorsal fin to the anal fin, the third is adjacent to the dorsal fin. The first rays of the dorsal fin is elongated and looks like a black and white feather.

夫鱼、白吻立旗鲷，黑白关刀

The reef bannerfish is a small-sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 25 cm. However, the average size generally observed in the nature oscillates around 15 cm.

Its body is compressed laterally, the first rays of its dorsal fin stretch in a long white filament. The background color of its body is white with two large black diagonal bands. Beyond the second black stripe, the dorsal and the caudal fins are yellow. The pectoral fins are also yellow. The head is white, the eyes are black and linked together by a black band. The snout, spotted with black, is a bit stretched with a small terminal protractile (it can be extend) mouth.

多鳞霞蝶鱼、 银斑蝶鱼、 霞蝶

The pyramid butterflyfish is a small-sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 18 cm.

Its body is compressed laterally with a rounded body profile, and its snout protrudes forwards slightly with a small protrusible (extendable) mouth. Its very characteristic livery leaves no doubt about the identification.

横带厚唇鱼、 斑节龙

The barred thicklip wrasse is a medium-sized fish that can reach a maximum length between 30 cm to 50 cm.

Its body is high, relatively flattened, its head is large and its terminal mouth has thick lips. Its body coloration varies according to age.

During the juvenile phase, this wrasse has a green-yellow background color with six yellow vertical lines and in between them there is thin black vertical lines which are not necessarily visible.

六带线纹鱼 、 六线黑鲈，包公

Grammistes sexlineatus is a middle sized fish, which can grow to a maximum length of 30 cm. Its background body color is dark brown with a maximum of six white to yellow horizontal lines. The number of lines depends on the maturity of the fish. Juveniles have white to yellow dots on a dark background until an approximate size of 17.5 mm. Thereafter, the points gradually become lines. At a length of 5 cm, these soap fish have three horizontal lines. Only from 8 cm long that the soapfish gets the six distinctive horizontal lines. Note that in adult specimens close to the maximum size, these lines tend to sever to form small strokes and points.

黄镊口鱼、 火箭蝶

The yellow longnose butterflyfish or forceps butterflyfish, Forcipiger flavissimus, is a species of marine fish in the family Chaetodontidae.

The yellow longnose butterflyfish is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area from the eastern coast of Africa to Hawaii, Red Sea included, and is also found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from Baja California to the Revillagigedo Islands and the Galapagos.

玳瑁、瑇瑁、蝳蝐、瑇玳、文甲、鹰嘴海龟、十三鲮龟、十三鳞、十三棱龟、明玳瑁、千年龟

The hawksbill’s appearance is similar to that of other marine turtles. In general, it has a flattened body shape, a protective carapace, and flipper-like limbs, adapted for swimming in the open ocean. E. imbricata is easily distinguished from other sea turtles by its sharp, curving beak with prominent tomium, and the saw-like appearance of its shell margins. Hawksbill shells slightly change colors, depending on water temperature. While this turtle lives part of its life in the open ocean, it spends more time in shallow lagoons and coral reefs. The World Conservation Union, primarily as a result of Human fishing practices, classifies E. imbricata as critically endangered.Hawksbill shells were the primary source of tortoiseshell material used for decorative purposes. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species outlaws the capture and trade of hawksbill sea turtles and products derived from them.

水石斑鱼

The camouflage grouper (Epinephelus polyphekadion) is a species of marine fish in the family Serranidae.

The camouflage grouper is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area from the eastern coast of Africa to the French Polynesia and it is also present in the Red Sea.

褐点石斑鱼

Epinephelus fuscoguttatus is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 120 cm, but the average size mostly observed is 50 cm.Its body has a stocky and robust aspect, is compressed laterally and has a sharp profile for the head. The mouth is big and has a superior position with many small teeth and canine in front. The background coloration is pale yellowish-brown with many irregular in size and shape dark brown or Grey blotches. The body is also covered with many small dark brown spots. All the fins are large and round.

纳氏异齿鳚、红尾无须鳚、红尾异齿鳚

Ecsenius namiyei, commonly called black comb-tooth blenny or Namiye’s coralblenny, is a species of marine fish in the family Blenniidae. The specific name honours the Japanese zoologist and museum curator Motoyoshi Namiye (1854-1915).

The black comb-tooth is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean from the Philippines to Solomon Islands.

长印鱼，䲟、吸盘鱼、粘船鱼

E. naucrates is a medium-sized fish which can grow up to 110 cm (43 in) length.Its body is elongated and streamlined, and its lower jaw is clearly prognathic (it projects forward well beyond the upper jaw).The jaws, vomer and tongue have villiform teeth. The main distinctive feature to distinguish from other fishes is the oval-shaped sucking disc, which is a highly modified dorsal fin positioned from the top of the head to the anterior part of the body.

布氏刺鲀

The Black-blotched porcupinefish is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 65 cm (26 in), but the average size most likely to be observed is 45 cm (18 in). Its body is elongated with a spherical head with big round protruding eyes and a large mouth that is rarely closed. The pectoral fins are large, the pelvic fins are absent, the anal and dorsal fins are close to the caudal peduncle. The latter move simultaneously during swimming. All fins are a uniform tint of white or yellowish without any spotting. The skin is smooth and firm, the scales are modified into spines directed towards the back. The body coloration is light brown to sandy-yellowwith dark blotches circled with a white line and pale ventral surface. The only other fish with which it might be confused is the long-spine porcupinefish, (Diodon holocanthus) but it has much shorter spines and it lacks a dark streak running between the eyes.

大唇少棘胡椒鯛

Common in the Solitary Islands Marine Park. Widespread tropical Indo-Pacific: East Africa and Red Sea to the Western Pacific. In Australia recorded from southern Western Australia, across the tropical north, south through Queensland to central New South Wales, and including Lord Howe Island.

三斑宅泥鱼、三斑圆雀鲷、厚壳仔、三点白

The threespot dascyllus (Dascyllus trimaculatus), also known as the domino damsel or simply domino, is a species of damselfish from the family Pomacentridae. It is native to the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea and East Africa, to the Pitcairn Islands, southern Japan, and Australia. Its grey to black body has two lateral white spots and one between the eyes like domino hence the name; the threespot dascyllus grows up to 13 cm in length. Coloration is somewhat variable; the spot on the forehead may be absent and the lateral spots very much reduced. It feeds on algae, copepods and other planktonic crustaceans.

绿蠵龟、青海龟

The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a species of large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus Chelonia. Its range extends throughout tropical and subtropical seas around the world, with two distinct populations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, but it is also found in the Indian Ocean.The common name refers to the usually green fat found beneath its carapace, not to the color of its carapace, which is olive to black.

曲纹唇鱼、苏眉鱼，拿破仑鱼、龙王鲷、海哥龙王、大片仔

The humphead wrasse is the largest living member of the family Labridae. Males are typically larger than females and are capable of reaching lengths of up to 2 meters from tip to tail and weighing up to 180 kg, but the average length is generally a little less than 1 meter. Females rarely grow larger than one meter in length. This species of fish can be easily identified by its large size, thick lips, two black lines behind its eyes, and the hump that appears on the forehead of larger adults. The color of the humphead wrasse can vary between a dull blue-green to more vibrant shades of green and purplish-blue. This particular reef fish prefers to live singly but adults are occasionally observed moving in small groups.

飘浮蝴蝶鱼、斜纹蝴蝶鱼，假人字蝶

The vagabond butterflyfish (Chaetodon vagabundus) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indo-Pacific region from the Red Sea and off East Africa as far east as the Tuamotu Islands, north to southern Japan and south to the Austral Islands.

华丽蝴蝶鱼、 黄风车蝶、黄斜纹蝶

The Ornate Butterflyfish, Chaetodon ornatissimus, is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). The Ornate Butterflyfish is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area.

The Coral hind is a small size fish and can reach a maximum size of 20 cm length . It is found in depths down to 36 m.

八带蝴蝶鱼、八线蝶

The Eight-banded Butterflyfish or eightband butterflyfish (Chaetodon octofasciatus) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indo- west Pacific region from Indonesia and the Philippines via Papua New Guinea and the Great Barrier Reef to the Solomon Islands, Palau, and north to China; it extends into the Indian Ocean at least to the Maldives, India and Sri Lanka.

黑背蝴蝶鱼、曙色蝶

The black-backed butterflyfish or blackback butterflyfish (Chaetodon melannotus) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is widespread through the Indo-Pacific area from the Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, to southern Japan and throughout Micronesia.

This fish grows up to 18 cm (c. 7 in) long, and may live for up to 20 years. When observed at night or when frightened, this species changes color; the dorsal portion of the body turns black except for two white patches.

克氏蝴蝶鱼、珠蝴蝶鱼、凤梨蝶、蓝头蝶

The body of this fish is yellowish brown with 1-2 broad lighter vertical bars, one running from near the origin of the dorsal spine to the belly, and sometimes another running from the middle of the back to the center of the body. A black bar runs vertically across the eye, and the part before this is whitish, with a black snout. The color varies somewhat across the range; western specimens usually have one beige bar, while eastern ones have two white bars. There may be numerous dotted horizontal stripes on the sides, or another dark band between the two light ones in eastern specimens.

本氏蝴蝶鱼、 太阳蝶、双丝蝴蝶鱼、法国蝶

The bluelashed butterflyfish or eclipse butterflyfish (Chaetodon bennetti) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indo-Pacific from East Africa to the Pitcairn Islands, north to Japan and south to Lord Howe Island and Rapa Iti.

扬旛蝴蝶鱼、 丝蝴蝶鱼，人字蝶

Chaetodon auriga is up to 23 centimetres (9 in) long. Its body is white with `chevron’ markings on the side. Tear edge of the dorsal fin has a prominent black spot, and a prominent black vertical band runs through the eye. The rear of soft-dorsal fin has a trailing filament, and it has a belly patch of descending oblique dark lines as well as bright yellow fins. Two subspecies are sometimes recognised: Chaetodon auriga auriga occurs in the Red Sea population and lacks the dorsal eyespot; Chaetodon auriga setifer is the spotted population occurring outside the Red Sea.

乌顶蝴蝶鱼、项斑蝴蝶鱼，熊猫蝶、黑面蝶

It grows to a maximum length of 20 cm (nearly 8 in). The body is white with diagonal brown stripes on the sides. The dorsal, caudal, anal and pelvic fins are yellow. There are rounded broad black bands on the face, covering the eye, but not continuous from one side of the body to the other but with a separate black spot centered on the forehead.

青鲸鹦嘴鱼、青鹦嘴鱼，青衣、鹦哥鱼、蚝鱼、菜仔鱼

It is among the largest parrotfishes, growing to a standard length of up to 50 cm (20 in). As in many of its relatives, it is a sequential hermaphrodite, starting as female (known as the initial phase) and then changing to male (the terminal phase). The initial phase is dark brown with a large cream patch on the upper part of the body. The terminal phase is very colourful, overall green with pink spotting to the body and edging to the fins. Juveniles are white with a black spot on the dorsal fin and an orange band through the eye.

珍鲹、白面弄鱼、浪人鲹、牛港鲹、牛港瓜仔、牛公瓜仔、流氓瓜仔

The giant trevally is the largest member of the genus Caranx, and the fifth-largest member of the family Carangidae (exceeded by the yellowtail amberjack, greater amberjack, leerfish and rainbow runner), with a recorded maximum length of 170 cm and a weight of 80 kg. Specimens this size are very rare, with the species only occasionally seen at lengths greater than 80 cm. It appears the Hawaiian Islands contain the largest fish, where individuals over 100 lbs are common. Elsewhere in the world, only three individuals over 100 lbs have been reported to the IGFA.

白栉鳞鳎

Aseraggodes is a genus of soles native to the Indian and Pacific oceans. These small flatfishes are poisonous.

条纹叉鼻鲀

Arothron mappa is a medium sized fish which grows up to 65 cm length. Its body is oval shape, spherical yet relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric and located at the end of the body. Its snout is short with two pairs of nostrils and its mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.

白斑躄（bì）鱼,皮屑躄魚,絨冠躄魚,五脚虎、娃娃鱼、青蛙鱼，皮屑躄鱼

The painted frogfish grows up to 30 cm (12 in) long. Like other members of its family, it has a globulous, extensible body, with soft skin is covered with small dermal spinules. Its skin is covered partially with few, small, wart-like protuberances, some variably shaped, scab-like blotches and many small eye spots (ocelli) which look like sponges holes. Its large prognathous mouth allows it to consume prey its same size.

康氏躄鱼、五脚虎

Commerson’s frogfish grows up to 38 cm (15 in). Like other members of its family, it has a globular, extensible body. The soft skin is covered with small dermal spinules. Its skin is partially covered with a few small, wartlike protuberances, some variably shaped, scab-like blotches, and a few, small eye spots (ocelli) reminiscent of the holes in sponges. Its large mouth is prognathous, allowing it to consume prey as large as itself. Their coloration is extremely variable, as they tend to match their environments. Frogfish can change their coloration in a few weeks. However, the dominant coloration goes from grey to black, passing through a whole range of related hues, such as cream, pink, yellow, red, and brown, and also usually with circular eye spots or blotches that are darker than the background. Juvenile specimens can easily be confused with related Antennarius maculatus and Antennarius pictus. To distinguish these species, A. maculatus usually has red or orange margins on all fins, while A. maculatus has numerous warts on the skin, and A. pictus is covered with ocelli. A. pictus has three eye spots on its caudal fin.

青斑阿南鱼、青点鹦鲷、萤斑阿南鱼、青斑龙、青衣、青威

The blue-spotted wrasse, Anampses caeruleopunctatus, is a species of wrasse found from the Atlantic coast of South Africa through the Indian Ocean to Japan and Australia east to Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean (though absent from Hawaii). This species is found at depths from 3 to 30 m (9.8 to 98.4 ft), with the adults preferring the surge zone on coral reefs or along rocky coastlines. Juveniles orient their bodies and move in such a way as to resemble floating leaves. This species can reach a length of 42 cm (17 in). It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade.

眼斑双锯鱼、 眼斑海葵鱼、 公子小丑鱼、 公主小丑鱼

The common clownfish is a small fish which grows up to 11 cm (4.3 inches). Its body has a stocky appearance and oval shape. It is compressed laterally, with a round profile. The coloration of its body is orange to reddish-brown, but it can also be black in some particular areas such as the Northern Territory in Australia.It has three vertical white stripes outlined with a fine black line. The first passes just behind the eye, the second in the middle of the body widens forward to the head centrally and the third one circles the caudal peduncle. All the fins are also outlined with a fine black line. A. ocellaris is often confused with Amphiprion percula, which possesses exactly the same colours and patterns at first sight but distinguishes itself by the thickness of the black outlines. Additionally, A. ocellaris has a taller dorsal fin, and typically possesses 11 dorsal-fin spines vs. 10 spines in Amphiprion percula.

黑双锯鱼

A. melanopus adults can grow to 12 cm (4.7 inches). The body of A. melanopus is a dark red to orange with mahogany sides. Juveniles and adults have a white head band, which is wide and starts behind the eye, which may gave a blue tint. The dorsal and caudal fins of the fish have a lighter color than the rest of the fish and can sometimes be a cinnamon color. The pelvic and anal fins are usually black.

克氏双锯鱼、克氏海葵鱼、三带双锯齿盖鱼

Clark’s anemonefish is a small-sized fish which grows up to 10 cm as a male and 15 cm as a female.It is stocky, laterally compressed, and oval to rounded.

It is colorful, with vivid black, white, and yellow stripes, though the exact pattern shows considerable geographical variation. Usually it is black dorsally and orange-yellow ventrally, the black areas becoming wider with age. There are two vertical white bands, one behind the eye and one above the anus, and the caudal peduncle is white. The snout is orange or pinkish. The dorsal and caudal fins are orange-yellow, and the caudal fin is generally lighter in tone than the rest of the body, sometimes becoming whitish.

尾斑钝鰕虎鱼

Amblygobius phalaena, the Sleeper Banded goby, white-barred goby, is a species of goby native to tropical reefs of the western Pacific Ocean and through the central Indo-Pacific area at depths of from 2 to 20 metres (6.6 to 65.6 ft). This species feeds by taking in mouthfuls of sand and sifting out algae, invertebrates and other organic matter. It can reach a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) TL. It is also of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can also be found in the aquarium trade.

条纹鰕鱼、甲香鱼、玻璃鱼、刀片鱼

The razorfish is easily identifiable due to its particular body shape as well as its way of moving in synchrone group head down. It is a small fish with a maximum size of 15 cm (5.9 in) long, its body is stretched ending by a long fine “beak”. Its fins are considerably reduced and transparent. The dorsal surface of the razorfish is covered by protective bony plates. They extend past the end of the body and over the tail fin, which terminates in a sharp spine. A black to brown median band runs the length of the fish crossing also the eyes. The color of the body is variable with the habitat. In seagrass environment, the background color of the body can be greenish-yellow with light brown stripes. In open areas like sand patch, rubble or close to coral reef, then the body coloration occurs to be light silver with a black to brown stripe. There is no known sexual dimorphism.

黄尾刺尾鱼

Acanthurus thompsoni is a tropical fish found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It is commonly known as the Thompson’s surgeonfish. It is commercial in aquarium use.

彩绘龙虾、普通岩龙虾、竹龙虾、蓝龙虾、蓝色刺龙虾

Panulirus versicolor is a species of spiny lobster that lives in tropical reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Other names include painted rock lobster, common rock lobster, bamboo lobster, blue lobster, and blue spiny lobster. P. versicolor is one of the three most common varieties of spiny lobster in Sri Lanka, alongside Panulirus homarus and Panulirus ornatus.

美丽异铠虾

The cephalothorax of Allogalathea elegans is droplet-shaped. The extremity of the body corresponds to the triangular rostrum of the animal, which are positioned on each side the pedunculated eyes. The chelipeds or the first pair of legs are endowed with pincers and are longer than the animal body. The last pair of legs are wasted. The body and mainly the legs are covered with small hairs. The animal’s size depends on the sex. Females are usually bigger than males but never grow over 2 cm. The animal’s coloration is variable and is matching the colours of its host but not systematically. It can be uniform and varied from dark red, blackish purple, orange or brown. But generally, the observed animals have longitudinal stripes which the thickness, the number and the tint varies.

黄斑扁虫

Thysanozoon flavotuberculatum is a flatworm (Platyhelminthes). The worm is ambiguous. The species lives in the salt water.

The genus Thysanozoon, in which the flatworm is placed, belongs to the Pseudocerotidae family. The scientific name of the species was first validly published in 1939 by Hyman.

艳彩伪角扁虫

Pseudoceros scintillatus is a small species which measures around 9 mm.

The dorsal pattern, without a longitudinal center line, is velvety black with a bold pattern of large green-yellow spots of irregular size and a wide orange border. Each spot, surrounded by a white ring, extends into the marginal band.

琳达伪角扁虫

Pseudoceros lindae can reach a length of 50–80 millimetres (2.0–3.1 in). The upper surface of the thick and elongated body shows a wine color (burgundy) background with turquoise margins and a variable number oval to round yellow-golden spots. This pattern may vary from one individual to another especially in the density of points. The ventral side is light purple. Each pseudotentacle is formed by a broad simple fold of the anterior margins of the body. Also pharynx is formed by highly elaborated folds. This species is a simultaneous hermaphrodite, so it can make cross fecundation. There is a single male reproductive organ, that penetrates in any part of the mate’s body, and the females have a short vagina directed backwards.

未知

Pseudoceros is a genus of flatworms.

白点扁虫

Acanthozoon is a genus of flatworm polyclads belonging to the Pseudocerotidae family.

异瓷蟹

Porcelain crabs are filter feeders. They have feather-like mouthpart appendages and eats planktonic food.

The Sponge porcelain crab Aliaporcellana spongicola shelter in groove of the large Barrel sponge Xestospongia testudinaria. This crab is commonly known as The Barrel sponge porcelain crab.

海鞘

This species frequently occurs in dense clusters. It has large 2–4 cm cylindrical zooids. They generally range from black to dark blue to gray in colour, with individual zooids having fluorescent green, yellow, or white rings around both siphons. The external cover has a firm basal matrix, and is somewhat transparent and soft.